Gurney Genealogy Library Updated 15 July 2026 by Allen Gurney

These research notes are provided as-is and contain supplementary working research.

Walter de Gournay (G31) Notes

Research notes for g31-walter-de-gournay-fact-sheet.md. See .claude/rules/research-files.md for the paired-file rule.

Setting — the geography in plain English

Walter’s world had two theatres. In England, the family’s manors of Swathings and Hingham Gurney’s (with the hamlet of Runhall, in and around Hardingham, Norfolk) lay inside the senior Gournay lords’ Norfolk holdings, which sat within the earl of Warenne’s great lordship; the junior branch held them under the senior line.[1] Walter’s own recorded holding was in Suffolk: a quarter of a knight’s fee granted out of the Dammartin family’s fee of Mendlesham (with Cotton and Wickham Skeith nearby, Hartismere hundred).[2] In Normandy, the senior family’s homeland was the pays de Bray — Gournay-en-Bray, La Ferté, Gaillefontaine, Argueil — and the junior line’s Norman traces cluster there: Montigny-sur-Andelle (held by Walter’s son William directly of the crown), its dependency Massy (formerly part of Gerard’s own honour), and the hamlet of Bois Gautier (“Walter’s wood”) beside Montigny.[3] A third landscape supplies context rather than holdings: Kent, where a separate Gurnay family held Addington (Larkfield hundred) within the honour of Swanscombe, and where Walter’s patron Manasser de Dammartin also held three knights’ fees of the same honour.[4]

Cast — the people in this file

Name Who they are
Gerard de Gournay (G32) Walter’s father; lord of Gournay-en-Bray; crusader; died on pilgrimage by 1104
Edith (Ediva) de Warenne Walter’s mother; daughter of William de Warenne, first earl of Surrey; remarried Drew de Monceaux
Hugh de Gournay IV Walter’s elder brother; heir to the barony; of full age 1112
Hugh de Gournay V Walter’s nephew; last senior lord in England; forfeited 1205
Gundred de Gournay Walter’s sister; married Nigel d’Aubigny 1118
(Daughter of Gerard) Walter’s sister; married Richard Talbot
Renaud de Gournay A further son local tradition gives to Gerard (Potin de la Mairie 1842, via “quelques historiens”); listed on the G32 fact sheet as possible only — not to be confused with the 10th-century Renaud (G35), whose son was also a Hugh
William de Gournay I (G30) Walter’s son; held the Suffolk quarter-fee by 1166; lord of Runhall; the Montigny grantor
Matthew de Gournay (G29) Walter’s grandson; first occurs c. 1160; married Rose of Harpley by 1184
Manasser de Dammartin Walter’s Suffolk lord (d. 1178/9); lord of Mendlesham; also held 3 Kent fees; married Galiena
Odo de Dammartin (d. 1131) Manasser’s father; enfeoffed of Mendlesham by Henry I; Lewes priory donor
Basilia Odo’s widow (dower payment 1130); possibly a Gournay by birth (Daniel Gurney’s name-conjecture)
Galiena (I) de Gurnay Manasser’s wife; heiress of Addington, Kent; granddaughter of William de Gurnay of Addington; styled herself “Galiena de Gurnay” in her own charters
William de Gurnay of Addington Kent landholder of Henry I’s generation; gave Addington tithes to Rochester priory
Bartholomew and William de Dammartin Manasser and Galiena’s sons; successive lords of Mendlesham (d. bef. 1190; d. 1195)
Galiena (II) de Dammartin William de Dammartin’s daughter and heir; her third marriage (Ernald de Mandeville) carried Mendlesham and Addington to the Mandevilles
Geoffrey Talbot Held the twenty-knight Kent honour (later “Talbot of Swanscombe”) in chief at Henry I’s death; the Talbots were Gournay tenants at Domesday and in-laws by marriage
Walter de Mayenne and Cecily Held the Talbot honour in 1166 “by the king’s grace … per Ciciliam” (through Cecily)
William de Gornaco (Kent) Held a half-fee of that honour’s demesne, service-free, granted in Stephen’s reign; identity unresolved (Walter’s son, per Daniel Gurney’s suggestion, or an Addington kinsman)
Earl Hamelin de Warenne Head of the Warenne family, half-brother of Henry II; gave Rose of Harpley to Matthew (see the G29 companion)
Eustace de Montigny Petitioner of 1259 whose recital preserves William de Gournay’s Montigny tenure

Identifications are documented in the records table and working notes below, where each carries its citation.

The records — plain-English summary (in order of the events they record)

Date Record What it says Source
1086 Domesday Book (Essex) Geoffrey Talbot holds Liston under Hugh de Gournay III — the Talbot-Gournay tie a generation before Walter [5]
c. 1090s–1120s Rochester priory benefaction list (monastic register) “William de Gurnai gave the tithe of Addington” — listed among donors of Henry I’s generation (Henry I himself; Hugh Maminot) [6]
1121 Lewes priory confirmation Odo de Dammartin has given half a virgate at Gatton, Surrey, to the Warenne family’s own monastery [7]
1135×1154 Enfeoffment recalled in the 1166 return Manasser de Dammartin grants Walter a quarter knight’s fee out of his Mendlesham fee “in the time of the war” [8]
1135×1154 New feoffment recalled in the Kent return A William de Gornaco receives a half-fee of the Talbot-honour demesne, owing no service [9]
1150 (episcopal bench brackets 1147×1161) Missenden Abbey charter (monastic cartulary) Walter — “Waltero de Gurnay” — witnesses Manasser de Dammartin’s grant of the hide at Missenden, in a list headed by Theobald of Canterbury and the bishops of Chichester and Norwich [10]
1150×1178 Missenden Abbey charter (monastic cartulary) Manasser, Galiena, and sons (Bartholomew heir, Odo, Hamo, William) confirm the hide arrangement; “Willelmo de Gornaio” — William (G30) — witnesses [11]
1166 Carta of Manasser de Danmartin (exchequer survey return) Names Walter and states that “now William his son holds that part” — Walter dead or retired by Michaelmas 1166 [8]
1166 Carta of Walter de Meduana (exchequer survey return) The Talbot-of-Swanscombe honour roster: Geoffrey Talbot’s 20 fees in 1135; Manasser’s 3 fees; the Gornaco half-fee [9]
c. 1170 Charter of Galiena de Gurnay (Hospitaller cartulary) “Ego Galiena de Gurnay” grants the Hospitallers land at Norton (Mandeville), Essex, surrendered “in meo halimot,” for her soul and that of “Manasser de Dammartin my husband” [12]
undated (episcopate of Gilbert de Glanville, 1185–1214, for the confirmations) Charter of Galiena de Gurnay (Rochester register) Confirms “the gift my grandfather William de Gurnay made” of Addington tithes, commuted to 5s. yearly from Addington’s parson [13]
c. 1181–90 Norton Mandeville church grant (per VCH) Bartholomew de Dammartin and “Galiena his mother” grant the church — the elder Galiena attested as Manasser’s widow [14]
17 Oct 1184 Fine, with earl Hamelin’s charter Matthew de Gournay’s marriage to Rose of Harpley, arranged by the earl (grandson’s generation; details on the G29 companion) [15]
1257/8 Quitclaim of Galiena (II) de Dammartin (Missenden cartulary) “Galiena de Dammartin, daughter of William de Dammartin, widow of Ernulph de Mandeville lord of Mimms,” with son and heir Peter de Burgate, quits claim on the same Missenden hide — first-person confirmation of the Dammartin descent [16]
1259 Petition of Eustace de Montigny (Les Olim, French royal court register) Recites that a William de Gournay held Montigny-sur-Andelle directly of the king, with a charter confirmed by Henry II; the petition itself was denied [17]

Working Notes

The Part II preface — the founding document for the junior branch (Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 277–278)

2026-04-18 — Part II of Daniel Gurney’s Record opens with a preface that establishes the entire junior Norfolk branch. Key passage (p. 277): “The Gournays of Swathings, in Norfolk, were that younger branch of the Baronial Norman family which were subenfeoffed as mesne lords of the manors of Hingham Gurney’s, and Swathings in Hardingham, before the forfeiture of his Norman and English estates, by Hugh de Gournay V. in 1205.”

Walter is the first documented member: “The first of this line who occurs is Walter de Gournay, who, according to the Liber Niger Scaccarii, was enfeoffed of a quarter of a knight’s fee, in Suffolk, by Manasserus de Dampmartin, in the reign of Stephen; and whose son William de Gournay held the same in the reign of Henry II., and was lord of the manor of Runhall and Swathings in Norfolk.”

Daniel Gurney continues: “This Walter was, it appears, a son of Gerard de Gournay and Editha de Warren. The fiefs of the Gournays in Norfolk and Suffolk had been probably given in frank marriage to Gerard de Gournay by William second Earl Warren, on Gerard’s marriage with his sister Editha, which took place about the year 1090.”

The return itself, which Daniel Gurney prints at p. 288, reads:

“Notum vobis facio, quod vobis facio servitium j militis de dominio meo, et tantum fecit pater meus in tota vita sua, et ego, post illius obitum, tantum feci die, qua Rex H[enricus] fuit vivus et mortuus. Et in tempore Gwerrae de illo feodo dedi Waltero de Gornaco j quartum militis. Et nunc illam partem tenet Willelmus, filius suus, in auxilium mihi illud servitium faciendo. Et de novo feffamento nichil habeo.”

In plain English: “I do you the service of one knight from my demesne, as my father did all his life and as I have done since his death, as on the day King Henry [I] was alive and dead [1 December 1135]. And in the time of the war I gave Walter de Gournay a quarter of a knight’s fee out of that fee. And now William his son holds that part, aiding me in performing that service. And of new feoffment I have nothing.” The one surviving record of Walter’s own century therefore names father and son together, dates the grant to the civil war of Stephen’s reign (1135–54), and shows Walter dead or retired by Michaelmas 1166. Daniel Gurney worked from Hearne’s 1774 edition of the Liber Niger; Hall’s 1896 Rolls Series edition of the Red Book gives the critical text (“Waltero de Cornaco” with the Liber Niger reading “Gornaco” in the notes).[8]

Supplement Note 104 — the generational proof (Daniel Gurney, Supplement, pp. 776–777)

2026-04-18 — This is the critical note. Daniel Gurney demonstrates Walter must be a son (not grandson) of Gerard through generational arithmetic: Hugh IV (Gerard’s eldest son) was of full age in 1112, so born c. 1090. Gerard’s younger sons were therefore born between 1090 and 1104 (Gerard’s death). Matthew (Walter’s grandson) first appears as a deed witness c. 1160. Only two generations (Walter → William → Matthew) fit between c. 1100 and c. 1160. If Walter were a grandson of Gerard (adding an extra generation), Matthew would be pushed impossibly late.

Daniel Gurney also proposes the naming: “He might probably have been named by his father Gerard, after his near relation Walter Giffard, Earl of Buckingham; or perhaps after Walter de la Ferté.”

M. De la Mairie conjectures that the village of “Bois Gautier” (near Montigny-sur-Andelle) was named after Walter de Gournay. This is geographically significant — Bois Gautier is in the Pays de Bray, near the family’s Norman seat, suggesting Walter may have held a small parcel there before the junior line became primarily English.

Note 104 is Daniel Gurney’s ending position — “Walter de Gournay is proved to be certainly a son of Gerard” — and his view had strengthened steadily to reach it: 1845, “Walter de Gournai was, I think, undoubtedly another son of Gerard” (Part I p. 70); 1848, “it appears he was a younger son” (Part II p. 288), “probably son of Gerard” (pedigree p. 286), and, from the Norman severance alone, “must have been a son or grandson of Gerard” (p. 292); 1858, the proof above.[18] The arithmetic also fixes Walter’s birth between about 1090 and 1104 (Gerard was dead by 1104), and his death between 1150 (the Missenden witnessing) and Michaelmas 1166 (son William holding the quarter-fee). The tradition around Daniel Gurney carries the same identification: N.-R. P. de la Mairie (1852) writes that Girard left his goods to Hugues IV “à l’exception des fiefs dont hérita son fils puîné, Gautier, tige de la branche des Gournay de Norfolk” — “except the fiefs his younger son Gautier, root of the Norfolk Gournay branch, inherited” — and Pettigrew (1871) records the same, alongside Gerard’s other children (Hugh; a daughter married to Richard Talbot; Gundred, wife of Neil d’Albini; and a son Renaud “ascribed to him”).[19][20]

The 1150 Missenden charter — Walter’s one personal appearance, witness list read

Walter’s only surviving personal act is his attestation, as “Waltero de Gurnay,” of Manasser de Dammartin’s grant of the hide at Missenden to Missenden Abbey.[10] The full text shows a one-hide domestic grant executed before an extraordinary bench: the witness list is headed by Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, Hilary, bishop of Chichester, and William Turbe, bishop of Norwich, whose combined dates independently bracket the charter to 1147×1161 (Jenkins assigned 1150) — evidently done at a major assembly. Walter stands in the lay tail, after Graelend de Tany and Henry des Escalieres and immediately before “Manasser my nephew” — placement among the grantor’s own circle, consistent with Walter already holding his quarter-fee of Manasser by this date. The grant was made with the consent of Galiena, Manasser’s wife, and Bartholomew, his son and heir; the hide is the one Henry II later confirmed to Missenden (“Ex dono Manasseris de Dammartin j hidam apud Messend”).[10]

A generation later the same transaction was confirmed by Manasser, Galiena, and their sons — Bartholomew the heir, with Odo, Hamo, and William — and the witness in the same position is “Willelmo de Gornaio”: William de Gournay (G30), a previously unrecorded attestation of Walter’s son inside the Dammartin affinity, matching the 1166 return’s “now William his son holds that part.”[11] The parcel can be followed to 1257/8, when Galiena (II) de Dammartin — “daughter of William de Dammartin, widow of Ernulph de Mandeville lord of Mimms,” acting with her son and heir Peter de Burgate — quitclaimed her rights in “the hide of Humphrey” to the canons: a first-person confirmation of the Dammartin descent chain assembled from the Hatton Book of Seals notes.[16]

Les Olim and Montigny-sur-Andelle — the Norman severance (Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 292–293)

In 1259 Eustace de Montigny petitioned the French crown to sell wood from his fief of Montigny-sur-Andelle free of the tiers et danger tax (a ducal levy of roughly a third plus a tenth on wood sales). His recital, printed in full by Daniel Gurney at p. 293:

“…prout antecessores sui semper fecerunt et tenuerunt de dono domini Guilielmi de Gornaio, qui sibi dedit ita libere et quitte, sicut ipsemet tenebat a Domino Rege, de quo sibi fecit cartam quam Rex Henricus confirmavit.”

“…as his ancestors always did and held, of the gift of the lord William de Gournay, who gave it to them as freely and quit as he himself held it of our lord the king, of which he made them a charter, which King Henry [II of England, as duke of Normandy] confirmed.” The court denied the petition itself — “Non probat idem Eustachius … nec vendat” (“Eustace does not prove it; let him not sell”) — so the record is a denied wood-sale request, not a court declaration about the Gurneys; its evidentiary value is the recital, which preserves that a William de Gournay held Montigny directly of the duke-king before 1204, with royal confirmation.[17] Daniel Gurney identified that William as Walter’s son (the senior line had no William in that generation — its heads were Hugh IV, then Hugh V), read the tenure as parage — the Norman custom by which a younger son held his severed share of the family fief “pari conditione,” on equal terms with his elder brother, a partition among sons rather than a grant to outsiders — and called it “an undoubted proof of his descent in blood from the Barons of Gournay.”[21] Two anchors tie Montigny to Gerard’s own estate: its dependency Massy had been part of Gerard’s honour (Gerard confirmed his father Hugh III’s gift of Massy church to Bec abbey), and Thomas Stapleton, editor of the Norman exchequer rolls, held that the castle of Argueil and its dependencies were the portion of the great Bray fief severed for Walter at Gerard’s death, about 1104; Daniel Gurney dates the severance to that death because Walter and William both lived before 1180, and no severance was possible while Hugh IV held the undivided fief (1104–1180).[22]

The printed entry was verified directly in Beugnot’s edition in July 2026: it is entry XXII of the inquests of the Pentecost parlement of 1259, and it closes “Hæc fuit terminata in scacario” — the case was concluded in the Exchequer of Normandy, the ordinary forum for Norman business, a detail Daniel Gurney’s print does not draw out. His transcription is otherwise exact. One caution for future citation: a different Montigny (of the fief of Mello, in the Creil orbit) appears at p. 79 of the same volume; Beugnot’s index separates the two.[17]

The place itself is now independently anchored. The Seine-Maritime topographic dictionary identifies the medieval Montigny as Montagny, a hamlet (formerly a parish and commune) of Nolléval, canton of Argueil, in the upper Andelle valley — citing Daniel Gurney’s Record for its twelfth-century forms (“R. de Montegni,” 12th c., “Gurney, p. 103”) — with “Capella de Montigniaco” (16th c.), “fief de Montigny” (1728), and, decisively for the Les Olim connection, the Norman feodal survey of c. 1210: “E. de Monteniaco, dimidium feodum ad Monteniacum” — a de Monteniaco family holding a half-fee at Montigny in the generation after the Gournay grant, the family of the 1259 petitioner Eustace. The fief remained a half-fee into the sixteenth century, held in the castellany of La Ferté-en-Bray (a Gournay castellany), “extending into the parts of Argueil” (1503). Massy’s dependency likewise persisted: in 1406 Massy was “a half-fief held of the half-fief of Montigny-en-Bray” — exactly the Montigny-with-Massy pairing Daniel Gurney reported.[23]

The Dampmartin connection

Walter held his Suffolk quarter-fee under Manasser de Dammartin, and the patron family is well documented. Odo de Dammartin (d. 1131) was enfeoffed of Mendlesham by Henry I; his widow Basilia paid sixty marks for her dower in 1130, and Daniel Gurney conjectured from her name that she “might possibly … be a daughter of Hugh de Gournay and Basilia Flaitel” — which, if right, would make Manasser Walter’s first cousin.[24] Manasser (d. 1178/9) succeeded; the family’s own Missenden confirmation (1150×1178) names his sons as “Bartholomew our son and heir, and Odo and Hamo and William our sons, with our other sons.”[11] Of these, Bartholomew (d. before 1190, without children) and William de Dammartin (d. 1195, holding Mendlesham and Norton Mandeville, Essex) successively held the estates; William’s daughter and heir Galiena de Dammartin (underage at her first marriage c. 1197; still living 1257/8, when she quitclaimed the Missenden hide as “widow of Ernulph de Mandeville lord of Mimms” with her son and heir Peter de Burgate[16]) married thirdly Ernald de Mandeville, and her Mandeville sons took the estates.[25] The family stood inside the Warenne circle — the lordship of Walter’s mother’s family: Odo gave land at Gatton, Surrey, to Lewes priory (the Warennes’ own monastery) by 1121; a William de Dammartin held eleven and a half knights’ fees of Earl Warenne in Surrey in 1166, the largest Surrey tenancy in the earl’s return; and the Mendlesham fee “which was William de Danmartin’s” was in Warenne hands by 1210–12.[26] Manasser also held three knights’ fees in Kent, of the honour Geoffrey Talbot had held in chief at Henry I’s death — the Talbots being the Gournays’ Domesday tenants at Liston, Essex, and in-laws through Richard Talbot’s marriage to Gerard’s daughter.[27] Tenure under such a lord, rather than directly from the crown, is consistent with Walter being a younger son without independent baronial status, provided for within his mother’s and sister’s family networks.

Manasser’s wife Galiena and the Addington Gurnays. Manasser married a woman named Galiena: she appears beside him in the 1150 Missenden charter Walter witnessed, and as “Galiena his mother” beside her son Bartholomew granting Norton Mandeville church c. 1181–90.[10][14] She kept her natal surname through her married years: in her own charter of c. 1170 — “ego Galiena de Gurnay” — she gave the Hospitallers the land Osbert the clerk had held of her at Norton (Mandeville) and surrendered “in meo halimot” (her own manor court), “for the salvation of my soul and of Manasser de Dammartin my husband”; the domestic witness bench (her chaplain, a deacon, a palmer, a sergeant) marks it as an act of household piety done on the Essex manor she held in her own name.[12] She was a Gurnay of Addington, Kent: an undated charter of “Galiena de Gurnay” in the Rochester register confirms “the gift my grandfather William de Gurnay made” of Addington tithes — “Willelmus de Gurnay, avus meus … dedit ecclesie sancti Andree Rowcestr. … quasdam decimas in villa sua de Edintune” — commuted to five shillings yearly from Addington’s parson.[13] Her grandfather William de Gurnay held Addington from about the 1090s (the manor had been Bishop Odo of Bayeux’s until his 1088 forfeiture), and his tithe gift sits in the Rochester benefaction list among donors of Henry I’s generation — so he was of Gerard’s generation.[6][28] Hasted’s descent of Addington — “held as one manor, by William de Gurnay, and afterwards by Galiena de Gurnay, his grandchild; they were succeeded in the possession of this place by the family of Mandeville … who held it of the family of Montchensie, as capital lords of the fee” — compresses the same chain the Dammartin records supply in full: William of Addington → Galiena (I), wife of Manasser → her granddaughter Galiena (II), whose Mandeville marriage carried Addington and Mendlesham together to the Mandevilles.[28][25] There were two Galienas, grandmother and granddaughter; the elder married Manasser by 1150, so her grandfather cannot have been Walter’s son William (born c. 1120) — Daniel Gurney’s tentative suggestion to that effect (“It seems likely that it was this same William de Gurnay who held the manor of Edintune”) fails on chronology, and Daniel Gurney himself flagged the loose end: “Why this Kentish fief did not descend in the same line as those in Norfolk I do not discover. There were Gournays at a later period in Kent. The will of John Gurney, of Northfleet, Kent, was proved in 1475.”[29] In the same Kent honour, the 1166 return records a William de Gornaco holding a half-fee of the lord’s demesne, granted during Stephen’s reign, owing no service; Daniel Gurney read him as Walter’s son, “enfeoffed by the Talbots, his relations,” and an Addington kinsman is the other candidate — either way the holding sits among the family’s connections.[9][29]

Bois Gautier — the conjecture located

De la Mairie’s “Bois Gautier” is a real, precisely locatable place: Bois-Gauthier, a hamlet of La Chapelle-Saint-Ouen (canton of Argueil), formerly a parish and commune in its own right, about 5 km north of Montagny/Montigny — squarely inside the Argueil district Stapleton identified as Walter’s severed portion. Its earliest form recorded by the Seine-Maritime topographic dictionary is “Bois-Gautier” on Hondius’s map of 1629; no medieval form (such as Boscus Walteri) is recorded, so the naming-for-Walter conjecture cannot yet be carried back to the twelfth century — it is now a located conjecture rather than a verified attribution. Distinguish two Norman homonyms with medieval forms, both unrelated: Bois-Gautier at Intraville (canton Envermeu), “Boscum Galteri” 1324; and Le Bois-Gautier at Civières (Eure), “Boschus-Galterii” 1241. A further “Bois Gautier” field-name lies at Beaubec-la-Rosière in the Bray (1754).[23]

Keats-Rohan’s Domesday Descendants (2002) — the modern prosopography, partially read

Page 492 (the “de Gurnai” entries) was captured at snippet level in July 2026; the full page remains to be read. Three findings. (1) The William entry reads “Son of Walter de Gournay. Held half a fee of Manasser de Dammartin in 1166. Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. Hall (1897), p. 409” — the leading modern prosopography accepts the Walter → William filiation from the 1166 carta, exactly as Daniel Gurney read it. Caution: her “half a fee” is a slip for the carta’s “j quartum militis” (a quarter), or a conflation with the Kent half-fee of Red Book pp. 195–96. (2) The Gerard entry’s issue clause, as captured, names only “Hugh II de Gournay and Gundreda” — on present evidence Keats-Rohan neither endorses nor contradicts Walter’s placement as Gerard’s son; she simply carries Walter as the 1166 William’s father. (Her Gournay numbering runs one lower than this site’s: her Hugh I = Hugh III (G33).) (3) Her Gerard entry has him dying “before Jerusalem was taken in 1099” (citing Robert of Torigny’s interpolations in Jumièges) — a dissent from the two-journey reading; treated as a G32 conflicting-information item on the G32 companion.[30]

Stephen’s reign — the context of Walter’s life

Walter’s documented activity falls within the reign of Stephen (1135–1154), the period of English civil war known as “The Anarchy.” His one grant of land came “in tempore Gwerrae” — in the war itself — and the parallel Kent grant to a William de Gornaco was likewise “in tempore Regis Stephani.”[8][9] This was a dangerous time for minor landholders; there is no record of Walter in any political or military event. His elder brother Hugh IV (senior line) was more directly involved in the political upheavals.

Landholdings

Place Period Notes
Quarter knight’s fee out of the Dammartin fee of Mendlesham, Suffolk granted 1135×1154; held by son William by 1166 “In tempore Gwerrae de illo feodo dedi Waltero de Gornaco j quartum militis” — Manasser’s 1166 return. The Dammartin Suffolk fiefs were at Mendlesham and Cotton, Hartismere hundred; the quarter-fee’s own vill is not named.[8]
Hardingham/Swathings, Norfolk attribution to Walter himself uncertain Daniel Gurney: “It does not appear whether Walter de Gournay held the manors of Swathings and Hingham Gurney’s, possessed by his descendants”; the manors were “given by the Norman Gourneys to this younger branch … either to this William de Gournay, or his father Walter.”[31]
Runhall, Norfolk attribution to Walter himself uncertain Hamlet/berewic to Swathings; first securely documented with son William, lord of Runhall under Henry II.[31]
Portion of the Bray fief, Normandy (Argueil / Montigny) severed c. 1104 (inference) Stapleton’s opinion: Argueil and dependencies were the Bray portion severed for Walter at Gerard’s death; son William held Montigny-sur-Andelle directly of the crown.[22][17]
Bois Gautier, Normandy (?) Uncertain M. De la Mairie conjectures the village was named after Walter (Daniel Gurney, Supplement, Note 104). The place is real and precisely locatable: Bois-Gauthier, hamlet (formerly a parish and commune) of La Chapelle-Saint-Ouen, canton of Argueil, ~5 km from Montigny; earliest recorded form “Bois-Gautier,” 1629 (Hondius) — no medieval form survives, so the attribution to Walter remains conjecture.[23]

Open Questions

  1. Bois Gautier — medieval forms: the hamlet is now located (Bois-Gauthier, La Chapelle-Saint-Ouen, canton of Argueil; earliest recorded form 1629). Can a medieval form (Boscus Walteri or similar) be recovered from the local monastic cartularies (Beaubec, Sigy, Saint-Ouen de Rouen) or the Norman feodal surveys, to carry De la Mairie’s conjecture back to the twelfth century?
  2. Walter’s wife: No wife is named in any source. Son William is documented, but the mother is unknown.
  3. Galiena’s witnesses: the truncated witness list of Galiena de Gurnay’s Rochester charter (BL Cotton MS Domitian A.X, f. 91).
  4. The Kent William de Gornaco of 1166: Walter’s son (Daniel Gurney’s suggestion) or an Addington kinsman?
  5. Basilia de Dammartin: Can Daniel Gurney’s name-conjecture (a daughter of Hugh de Gournay III) be tested in the Bec or pipe-roll material?
  6. Reference works still to be read: Keats-Rohan, Domesday Descendants, p. 492 in full (snippets captured July 2026); Loyd, Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families (Gurnai entry — no online route; library); Evans, “Dammartin” (1965); Cooke, Early History of Mapledurham pp. 9–11, 85; Power, Norman Frontier pp. 355–357 (on interlibrary loan); Tanner p. 315.

Sources Consulted

  • Daniel Gurney, Record of the House of Gournay (1848), pp. 277–278 (Part II preface): Walter as first of the junior line, Liber Niger, Dampmartin tenure, frank marriage hypothesis. [dg-rec-pt1]
  • Daniel Gurney, Record, Part I (1848), p. 286 (pedigree chart). [dg-rec-pt1]
  • Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II (1848), p. 293 (Les Olim print — blood-descent argument). [dg-rec-pt2]
  • Daniel Gurney, Supplement (1858), Note 104 (pp. 776–777): generational proof that Walter = son of Gerard. Naming hypothesis. Bois Gautier conjecture. [dg-rec-supp]
  • Liber Niger Scaccarii, vol. i, p. 298: primary source for Walter’s Suffolk enfeoffment. [liber-niger]
  • James Hannay, Three Hundred Years of a Norman House (1867): Walter confirmed as “the proved ancestor of the Gournays, afterwards Gurneys, of Swathing and West Barsham in Norfolk.” [three-hundred-years-norman-house]
  • Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. Hall (1896), vol. 1: cartae of Manasser de Danmartin (pp. 409–410) and Walter de Meduana (pp. 195–196); Odo and Aubrey de Danmartin; earl Warenne’s carta; 1210–12 Mendlesham return. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/redbook-exchequer-hall-v1-dammartin-gournay-cartae.md. [redbook-exchequer-hall-v1]
  • Thorpe, Registrum Roffense (1769): Galiena de Gurnay’s charter (p. 145); the benefaction list; episcopal confirmations. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/registrum-roffense-addington-gurnay-extracts.md. [registrum-roffense-1769]
  • Hasted, History of Kent, 2nd ed., vol. 4 (1798), pp. 542–547 (Addington). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/hasted-kent-vol4-addington-extract.md. [hasted-kent-vol4]
  • Loyd & Stenton, Sir Christopher Hatton’s Book of Seals (1950), Nos. 332, 350, 409 with editorial notes. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/hatton-book-of-seals-dammartin-gurnay-extracts.md. [hatton-book-of-seals-1958]
  • VCH Essex, vol. 4 (1956), Norton Mandeville, pp. 150–154. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/vch-essex-vol4-norton-mandeville-extract.md. [vch-essex-vol4]
  • Copinger, Manors of Suffolk, vol. 3 (1909), pp. 277–278 (Mendlesham). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/copinger-manors-suffolk-v3-mendlesham-extract.md. [copinger-manors-suffolk-v3]
  • Farrer, Honors and Knights’ Fees, vol. 3 (1925): Swanscombe moieties; Lewes priory 1121; Swathings in the Warenne fee (p. 422); the Gournay account (pp. 420–423). Extracts: sources/corpus_supplement/farrer-hkf-v3-swanscombe-warenne-dammartin-extracts.md and farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts.txt. [farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts]
  • Clay, Early Yorkshire Charters, vol. 8 (1949), pp. 6–7 (Gerard and Edith “among other children”), 38–39, 95 (the Hamelin/Rose charter — see the G29 companion); vol. 9 (1952), pp. 45–47 (Stuteville marriage: Eidiva daughter of Hugh IV, correcting the older “Gunnora”). Extracts: sources/corpus_supplement/eyc8-warenne-gournay-extracts.md, eyc9-stuteville-gournay-extracts.md. [eyc8-warenne-clay-1949; eyc9-stuteville-clay-1952]
  • Fowler, Note iiD/11 (De Gournai), Bedfordshire Historical Record Society vol. 7 (1926), pp. 153–157: the senior baronial succession only; names no children of Gerard beyond Hugh and Gundred. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/bhrs-v7-fowler-gournay-note.md. [bhrs-v7-fowler-1926]
  • Richardson, soc.genealogy.medieval posts (11 Sep 2002; corrected 20 Jan 2003). [richardson-sgm-soc-genealogy-medieval-2002]
  • NRP de la Mairie (1852), p. 80; Pettigrew (1871), pp. 185–186; Pattou, Racines & Histoire, p. 5. [pettigrew-collectanea-house-gournay-1871; pattou-racines-histoire-gournay-2025]
  • Les Olim, ed. Beugnot, vol. 1, p. 85: verified directly (July 2026) in the Internet Archive scan of Tome I; entry XXII, Pentecost parlement 1259, “terminata in scacario.” Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/les-olim-beugnot-tome1-p85-montigny-verification.md. [les-olim]
  • Jenkins, The Cartulary of Missenden Abbey, vol. 1 (1938), pp. 70–75: the 1150 Manasser grant (Walter’s attestation), the 1150×1178 family confirmation (William’s attestation; sons Odo and Hamo), and the 1257/8 Galiena (II) quitclaim — full texts via the University of Toronto DEEDS database, cartulary 0013. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/missenden-cartulary-dammartin-charters-deeds-transcripts.md. [jenkins-missenden-cartulary-v1]
  • Gervers, The Cartulary of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, Part 1: Secunda Camera, Essex (1982), p. 216: Galiena de Gurnay’s grant at Norton, c. 1170 (BL Cotton MS Nero E VI, f. 339r) — full text via DEEDS, document 00880374. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/gervers-st-john-galiena-de-gurnay-norton-charter.md. [gervers-st-john-secunda-camera-1982]
  • Beaurepaire & Laporte, Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Seine-Maritime (1982–84), via the CTHS DicoTopo database: Bois-Gauthier (La Chapelle-Saint-Ouen), Montagny/Montigny (Nolléval), Massy. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/dicotopo-seine-maritime-bois-gautier-montigny-massy.md. [beaurepaire-dict-topo-seine-maritime-1982]
  • Keats-Rohan, Domesday Descendants (2002), p. 492 (snippet capture; full page unread): accepts the Walter → William filiation; silent on Walter’s parentage. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/keats-rohan-domesday-descendants-p492-gournay-snippets.md. [keats-rohan-domesday-descendants-2002]

Conflicting Information

Walter’s genealogical position is well-established by Daniel Gurney’s generational proof (Note 104) and the independent 1166 return. Three older statements have been corrected against the records:

Claim Older statement Corrected reading Basis
Walter’s birth “c. 1108” Between about 1090 and 1104 Gerard died 1104; Daniel Gurney’s Supplement Note 104 places the younger sons 1090×1104.[18]
Walter’s death “c. 1150–1165” (from William “living 1167”) Between 1150 and Michaelmas 1166 Witness in 1150; son William holds the quarter-fee in the 1166 return.[8][10]
The Les Olim record “a French court determination recognizing the junior branch as legitimate Gournay blood” A denied 1259 petition whose recital preserves William de Gournay’s in-chief Montigny tenure with Henry II’s confirmation; the blood argument is Daniel Gurney’s inference from the recital, parage, and Massy The petition text itself.[17]
Addington’s William de Gurnay Daniel Gurney’s suggestion: the same man as Walter’s son William A Kent Gurnay of Gerard’s generation — Galiena (I) was a wife by 1150, so her grandfather cannot be a man born c. 1120 Rochester benefaction-list dating; the Dammartin descent.[6][25]

Fact Sheet Improvement Notes

  1. The earlier notes here (Les Olim, Bois Gautier, naming origin, Anarchy context) are in the fact sheet. The Les Olim item is superseded as phrased — the fact sheet now presents the 1259 petition’s recital of the Montigny tenure rather than a court “recognition” (see Conflicting Information above).
  2. Bois Gautier was located in the Seine-Maritime topographic dictionary (July 2026) and the fact-sheet bullet now carries the located-but-still-conjectural framing; a recovered medieval form (Open Question 1) would let it firm up further.
  3. The 1150 Missenden witness list and the direct Les Olim verification were promoted to the fact sheet in July 2026 (vitals note, narrative opening, and citations); the fact sheet’s narrative now frames Walter’s documentation as a wide body of evidence with two personal appearances (1150 witnessing; 1166 return).

  1. Daniel Gurney, Record of the House of Gournay, Part II (1848), pp. 277, 295 (mesne tenure under the elder line before the 1205 forfeiture; Swathings/Runhall geography, citing Blomefield); William Farrer, Honors and Knights’ Fees, vol. 3 (1925), p. 422 (Swathings within the senior Gournays’ Warenne-honour fee). Source IDs: dg-rec-pt2, farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts. ↩︎

  2. Carta of Manasser de Danmartin, 1166 (see the records table); Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, p. 289 (“The fiefs of the Dammartins in Suffolk were at Mendlesham and Cotton, in the Hartesmere hundred”); Wickham Skeith from Sir Christopher Hatton’s Book of Seals, ed. Loyd & Stenton (1950), No. 350. Source IDs: dg-rec-pt2, hatton-book-of-seals-1958, redbook-exchequer-hall-v1. ↩︎

  3. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 292–293 (Montigny, Massy, Argueil); Supplement (1858), Note 104, pp. 776–777 (Bois Gautier). Source IDs: dg-rec-pt2, dg-rec-supp. ↩︎

  4. Edward Hasted, History of Kent, 2nd ed., vol. 4 (1798), pp. 544–545 (Addington held of the Montchensies “as of his manor of Swanscombe”); carta of Walter de Meduana, 1166 (Manasser’s three Kent fees). Source IDs: hasted-kent-vol4, redbook-exchequer-hall-v1. ↩︎

  5. Little Domesday (Essex), Liston; identification of “Goisfredus Talbot” per K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, Domesday People (1999), p. 126. Cross-reference, not a source: the verified Domesday table is at research/people/g33-hugh-de-gournay-iii-fact-sheet.research.md §5.1. ↩︎

  6. John Thorpe, Registrum Roffense (1769), priory benefaction list: “Willelmus de Gurnai dedit decimam de Edintune,” in sequence with “Hugo pater Walkelini Maminot” and “Henricus rex primus.” Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/registrum-roffense-addington-gurnay-extracts.md. Source ID: registrum-roffense-1769. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  7. William Farrer, Honors and Knights’ Fees, vol. 3 (1925), p. 313 (the 1121 confirmation of Lewes priory’s possessions: “½ virgate given by Odo de Donmartin” at Gatton). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/farrer-hkf-v3-swanscombe-warenne-dammartin-extracts.md. Source ID: farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts. ↩︎

  8. The Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. Hubert Hall, Rolls Series 99, vol. 1 (1896), pp. 409–410; Liber Niger Scaccarii, ed. Hearne (1774), vol. 1, p. 298, printed in Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II (1848), p. 288. Extract with translation: sources/corpus_supplement/redbook-exchequer-hall-v1-dammartin-gournay-cartae.md. Source IDs: redbook-exchequer-hall-v1, liber-niger, dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  9. Red Book, vol. 1, pp. 195–196 (carta of Walter de Meduana, Kent, 1166); quoted with the Talbot identification in Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, p. 296 note (from Liber Niger vol. 1, p. 58). The honour’s later history: Farrer, Honors and Knights’ Fees, vol. 3 (1187 Mayenne/Munchensy moieties of “the honor of Talbot of Swanscombe”); Red Book scutage table (“Honor Walteri de Meduana … per Ciciliam”). Source IDs: redbook-exchequer-hall-v1, dg-rec-pt2, farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  10. J. G. Jenkins, ed., The Cartulary of Missenden Abbey, vol. 1 (Buckinghamshire Record Society 2, 1938; from BL Harley MS 3688), pp. 70–75; full text as transcribed in the University of Toronto DEEDS database, document 00130071, https://deeds.utsc.utoronto.ca/charters/00130071 (assigned date 1150). Witness list: Theobald abp. Canterbury, Hilary bp. Chichester, William [Turbe] bp. Norwich, Wigod prior of Osney and Harding subprior, Ralph canon, William abbot of Lilleshall and William his prior, Master Robert de Burenham, three clerks, Graelend de Tany, Henry des Escalieres, Walter de Gurnay, Manasser the grantor’s nephew, Ralph fitz Humphrey. Episcopal dates bracket the charter 1147×1161. First flagged by Douglas Richardson, soc.genealogy.medieval, 11 September 2002; witness list read July 2026 (extract: sources/corpus_supplement/missenden-cartulary-dammartin-charters-deeds-transcripts.md). Source IDs: jenkins-missenden-cartulary-v1, richardson-sgm-soc-genealogy-medieval-2002. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  11. Jenkins, Cartulary of Missenden Abbey, vol. 1, pp. 70–75; DEEDS document 00130070, https://deeds.utsc.utoronto.ca/charters/00130070 (assigned 1150–1178). Consent clause: “nos et Bartholomeum filium nostrum et heredem et Odonem et Hamonem et Willelmum filios nostros cum ceteris filiis nostris.” Witnesses include Aubrey, William, and Alan de Dommartin, Graelend de Tany, and “Willelmo de Gornaio.” Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/missenden-cartulary-dammartin-charters-deeds-transcripts.md. Source ID: jenkins-missenden-cartulary-v1. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  12. Michael Gervers, ed., The Cartulary of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem in England, Part 1: Secunda Camera, Essex (British Academy, 1982), p. 216 entry; from BL Cotton MS Nero E VI, f. 339r; full text as transcribed in the DEEDS database, document 00880374, https://deeds.utsc.utoronto.ca/charters/00880374 (assigned c. 1170). Extract with translation: sources/corpus_supplement/gervers-st-john-galiena-de-gurnay-norton-charter.md. Source ID: gervers-st-john-secunda-camera-1982. ↩︎ ↩︎

  13. Thorpe, Registrum Roffense (1769), p. 145, from BL Cotton MS Domitian A.X, f. 91; first quoted for this family in Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, p. 296 note. The witness list is truncated (“Hijs test. &c.”) in both prints. The 5s. composition recurs in the priory’s episcopal confirmations, including Bishop Gilbert de Glanville’s (1185–1214). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/registrum-roffense-addington-gurnay-extracts.md. Source IDs: registrum-roffense-1769, dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎

  14. VCH Essex, vol. 4 (1956), Norton Mandeville, pp. 152–154 (church). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/vch-essex-vol4-norton-mandeville-extract.md. Source ID: vch-essex-vol4. ↩︎ ↩︎

  15. C. T. Clay, ed., Early Yorkshire Charters, vol. 8 (1949), pp. 38–39 and 95. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/eyc8-warenne-gournay-extracts.md. Source ID: eyc8-warenne-clay-1949. Full treatment: research/people/g29-matthew-de-gournay-fact-sheet.research.md (cross-reference, not a source). ↩︎

  16. Jenkins, Cartulary of Missenden Abbey, vol. 1 (DEEDS document 00130072, https://deeds.utsc.utoronto.ca/charters/00130072), internal regnal date 42 Henry III (1257/8). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/missenden-cartulary-dammartin-charters-deeds-transcripts.md. Source ID: jenkins-missenden-cartulary-v1. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  17. Les Olim, ed. Beugnot, vol. 1 (1839), p. 85 — entry XXII of the inquests of the Pentecost parlement of 1259, closing “Hæc fuit terminata in scacario” (concluded in the Exchequer of Normandy). Verified directly in the printed edition, July 2026 (Internet Archive scan bub_gb_DI5crXZamY4C; extract: sources/corpus_supplement/les-olim-beugnot-tome1-p85-montigny-verification.md); printed in full in Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, p. 293, whose transcription the direct read confirms. Source IDs: les-olim, dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  18. Daniel Gurney, Record of the House of Gournay, Part I (1845/1848), p. 70; Part II (1848), pp. 286, 288, 292; Supplement (1858), Note 104, pp. 776–777. Source IDs: dg-rec-pt1, dg-rec-pt2, dg-rec-supp. ↩︎ ↩︎

  19. N.-R. P. de la Mairie, Recherches Historiques … sur les Possessions des Sires Normands de Gournay, Tome I (Gournay-en-Bray, 1852), p. 80. T. J. Pettigrew, “On the House of Gournay,” Collectanea Archaeologica, vol. 2 (1871), pp. 185–186 (Source ID: pettigrew-collectanea-house-gournay-1871). The cluster shares one antiquarian transmission line (Cordier MS c. 1710–38 → Langloys → Potin → Potin de la Mairie 1842 → Daniel Gurney 1845 → Pettigrew/NRP-I), so it is deep rather than mutually independent. Renaud: Daniel Gurney, Record, Part I, p. 69 (“M. De La Mairie says … some authors give to Gerard another son, Renaud de Gournay, who had a son Hugh”). Source ID: dg-rec-pt1. Geni curators (R Green, R.B. Stewart, Mellcene Smith) carry the same identification of Walter; Stewart’s five-children list for Gerard reads “Hugues III, Gautier, Anseau, Gonnor and Gundred” (compiled-pedigree collector, noted as tradition only; profile https://www.geni.com/people/Gerard-de-Gournay-Baron-of-Gournay/6000000006582994318). ↩︎

  20. Two alternatives have been floated. Pattou’s chart marks Walter “possible petit-fils” (possible grandson) of Gerard — a placement the Note 104 arithmetic closes (Source ID: pattou-racines-histoire-gournay-2025). A genealogy-forum post (Douglas Richardson, soc.genealogy.medieval, 11 September 2002; corrected repost 20 January 2003, Google Groups thread cPiFbsyHAa8) proposed that Walter belonged instead to the Addington, Kent, family of the name; the records it cited (Hasted vol. 4 pp. 544–545; Copinger vol. 3 pp. 277–278; the Hatton Book of Seals Nos. 332, 350, 409; VCH Essex vol. 4 pp. 151–154; the Rochester register; the 1166 cartae; with C. F. H. Evans, “Dammartin,” Genealogists’ Magazine 15 (1965), 53–63, and Jenkins’s Missenden cartulary still to be read) were examined in July 2026 and do not bear the alternative out — see the Dammartin and Addington entries below. Source ID: richardson-sgm-soc-genealogy-medieval-2002. ↩︎

  21. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 292 and 298 (Appendix XLVI, “On the tenure in parage,” with Ducange’s definition and the Grand Coutumier de Normandie); “incontestable proof”: Part II preface, p. 278. Source ID: dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎

  22. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 292–293 (Massy, citing Histoire de Haute Normandie, vol. 1, p. 583; Stapleton’s opinion; the 1104–1180 dating argument; Argueil taken and destroyed by Philip Augustus in 1202). Source ID: dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎

  23. Charles de Robillard de Beaurepaire and Dom Jean Laporte, Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Seine-Maritime (2 vols, Paris, 1982–84), entries “Montagny” (Nolléval; DicoTopo place P47177631) and “Massy” (DicoTopo place P31767858), via the CTHS DicoTopo database, https://dicotopo.cths.fr. Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/dicotopo-seine-maritime-bois-gautier-montigny-massy.md. Source ID: beaurepaire-dict-topo-seine-maritime-1982. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  24. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, p. 290 (Appendix XLV, “On the Dammartins in England”): Odo’s death; Basilia’s dower payment (Mag. Rot. Pip. 31 Hen. I, p. 94); Odo the younger’s 100-mark relief; the Basilia name-conjecture; Manasser as justice itinerant under Henry II; the family’s later FitzOtho / Botetourt descent at Mendlesham and Strumshaw. Source ID: dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎

  25. Sir Christopher Hatton’s Book of Seals, ed. Loyd & Stenton (1950), editorial notes to Nos. 332 and 409 (the full descent, with Pipe Roll, Curia Regis, Rotuli Hundredorum, and Book of Fees references); VCH Essex, vol. 4 (1956), pp. 151–152; W. A. Copinger, The Manors of Suffolk, vol. 3 (1909), pp. 277–278 (including the Hundred Rolls’ compressed version and the two contemporary Dammartin branches at Mendlesham). Extracts: sources/corpus_supplement/hatton-book-of-seals-dammartin-gurnay-extracts.md, vch-essex-vol4-norton-mandeville-extract.md, copinger-manors-suffolk-v3-mendlesham-extract.md. Source IDs: hatton-book-of-seals-1958, vch-essex-vol4, copinger-manors-suffolk-v3. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  26. Farrer, Honors and Knights’ Fees, vol. 3, p. 313 (Gatton/Lewes, 1121); Red Book, vol. 1, earl Warenne’s carta of 1166 (“In Surreia: Willelmus de Danmartin, xj milites et dimidium”) and 1210–12 returns (“Willelmus de Warenna, j militem in Mendlesham quod fuit Willelmi de Danmartin”). Source IDs: farrer-honors-knights-fees-v3-gurnay-extracts, redbook-exchequer-hall-v1. ↩︎

  27. Carta of Walter de Meduana, Red Book, vol. 1, pp. 195–196 (“Manasser de Danmartin, iij milites” under the fee Geoffrey Talbot held in chief in 1135). The Talbot–Gournay ties: Daniel Gurney, Record, Part I, pp. 69–70 (the Talbot marriage; “The family of Talebot held a large fee under the Gournays at Buchy, Beaubec, &c.; and Geoffrey Talebot held lands in Essex under Hugh de Gournay III., as appears by Domesday”). Source IDs: redbook-exchequer-hall-v1, dg-rec-pt1. ↩︎

  28. Edward Hasted, The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 2nd ed., vol. 4 (1798), pp. 544–545 (descent; Montchensies as capital lords “as of his manor of Swanscombe”) and p. 547 (the church account of the tithe gift and its post-Dissolution fate). Extract: sources/corpus_supplement/hasted-kent-vol4-addington-extract.md. Source ID: hasted-kent-vol4. ↩︎ ↩︎

  29. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 296–297 note. Source ID: dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎

  30. K. S. B. Keats-Rohan, Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066–1166, II: Pipe Rolls to Cartae Baronum (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2002), p. 492, via Google Books search-inside snippets (July 2026); full page unread. Snippet capture: sources/corpus_supplement/keats-rohan-domesday-descendants-p492-gournay-snippets.md. Source ID: keats-rohan-domesday-descendants-2002. ↩︎

  31. Daniel Gurney, Record, Part II, pp. 288 and 295; Runhall under Henry II: same volume, p. 294, citing Blomefield (Runhall, vol. ii, p. 474). Source ID: dg-rec-pt2. ↩︎ ↩︎