These research notes are provided as-is and contain supplementary working research.

John Gurney-1 (G13) Notes

Tailor. First Gurney in North America. b. c. 1609–12 (AI-Rules §7 correction #6), probably East Anglia. Emigrated to New England by June 1641 at latest; Anderson assigns 1636 arrival, probably reflecting the John Newgate apprentice record rather than the first secure Braintree/Weymouth record. d. 1662/3, Braintree, Massachusetts. Wife Mary (maiden name unknown — “Richards” is UNVERIFIED). Later marriage to Grizzell Fletcher/Kidbee is traditionally placed at Braintree on 12 Nov 1661, but the accessible 1886 Braintree town-record transcription prints that marriage line under John Cheny Senior and Grizell Kidbee; treat the Braintree vital-record basis as a conflict until the town manuscript is checked against the printed Cheny reading and the TAG/Torrey/Sprague Gurney tradition. Lineage status: Probable (Candidate B ~55–60%, son of Francis Gurney G14 Merchant Taylor + Margaret Rybett).

Pre-fact-sheet. No published narrative yet. Active research lives in this file. It is currently paired with research/case-files/john-gurney-case-file-v4.md and may later migrate to research/case-files/candidate-b.md if the case-file structure is reorganized.

Standing facts are in AGENTS.md §6 (especially correction #6 on birth date, correction #7 on Peter naming absence, and the Candidate B / two-Francis framing). Do not re-derive them here; reference them.

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Working Notes

Ryvett-centric parishes - John living with maternal kin after Margaret’s death

Hypothesis. Margaret Rybett, John’s mother, died c.1616-1617. A son aged six to eight whose father was already engaged in commercial work between London and Norfolk might have been placed with maternal kin - particularly given the Ryvett/Rivett family’s documented presence in parishes near East Dereham (Gressenhall, Garveston) and across Suffolk (Fritton, Rishangles, Rattlesden, Stowmarket, Bildeston). If so, indexed Gurney baptisms or burials in those Ryvett-centric parishes might surface in the 1610-1635 window.

Negative search result. A FamilySearch indexed-records pass for Gurney surname in Gressenhall and Garveston (Norfolk Ryvett-proximate parishes) returns no early-17th-century Gurney baptisms; the only Gressenhall Gurney records are 1881 census entries. A FamilySearch and Findmypast Buckinghamshire-style search for Suffolk Gurney baptisms 1600-1640 across the named Ryvett parishes returns no clean cluster - the surviving Rattlesden Gurney family is a post-1700 lineage unrelated to Margaret Rybett’s family. The hypothesis is consistent with parish-coverage gaps but is not supported by surfaced indexed records. Held as speculation; not added to the case-file body.

The Section 2.2 mention “Richard Ryvett of Gressenhall could be the source of John’s son Richard’s name” stands on its own as a naming-source hypothesis, not as evidence that John lived with the Ryvetts.

External compiler assessments (Anderson, Banks)

2026-04-08 — Evaluated Anderson’s Great Migration Directory p. 158 and Banks/Brownell’s Topographical Dictionary (1937) p. 151 for their treatment of John Gurney-1. Source: chat 324600c7.

Anderson GMD p. 158 — exact entry:

Gurney, John: Unknown; 1636; Boston, Braintree [WJ 2:422; MBCR 1:331; NEHGR 62:94; SPR Case #338; Weymouth Hist 3:251; TAG 10:70–73].

Three observations:

1. Origin “Unknown.” Anderson had full access to Banks and routinely cites Banks-supported origins when the underlying evidence holds. His “Unknown” functions as implicit rejection of Banks’s Bury St. Edmunds attribution under modern Great Migration standards. Not a positive rejection, but a clear signal that no primary record supports any specific parish. This is now a standing interpretive principle in AI-Rules §8.
2. Arrival 1636. Winthrop/Savage’s Addenda gives a direct 21 July 1636 record in which John Newgate brought John Gurney, his apprentice, before the governor after Gurney had gotten away his indentures. The order set service until age 24, three years from the following 29 September. That record is the strongest visible source for Anderson’s 1636 date, but it creates a chronology conflict if identified with the older Braintree John: the implied 29 September 1615 birth is difficult to reconcile with John Gurney of Braintree aged about 50 in 1652/3 and with the older-child chronology. TAG 10:70-73 has now been read in full from Internet Archive issue sim_american-genealogist_1933-10_10_2; Holman gives no 1636 arrival or birth date for John Gurney, so Anderson’s 1636 cannot inherit from TAG and most plausibly inherits from WJ 2:422 / the Newgate-apprentice tradition already documented in this file.^[1][2]
3. Settlements “Boston, Braintree.” Weymouth not credited as a settlement. Possible interpretations: (a) Anderson treated the 1641 Weymouth entry as transient, (b) a pre-Braintree Boston residence existed and has not yet been independently surfaced here, or © there is an unexamined two-Johns conflict.

Banks/Brownell p. 151 — exact entry:

GURNEY, John | Bury St. Edmunds | [no ship] | Braintree, Massachusetts | Banks Mss.

Sourced only to Banks’s unpublished working notes — no ship, parish register, will, or apprenticeship indenture cited. By Banks’s own standards elsewhere in the volume, an entry sourced only to “Banks Mss.” is a lead, not a proof. Banks died before publication; Brownell edited the manuscripts and published them in 1937.

Bury St. Edmunds cluster analysis: Banks placed John inside a dense Bury St. Edmunds emigration group. Surrounding names on p. 151 include John Newgate, Clement Chaplin, William Knapp, John Goodrich, Henry Bright, William Townsend, Theodore Atkinson, Peyton Cooke, and Samuel Wright — a genuine BSE emigration cohort, most well documented from primary sources. Banks was perceiving a real neighborhood-migration pattern and slotted Gurney into it.

Most probable mechanism for Banks’s attribution: an apprenticeship record of a John Gurney/Girney at Bury St. Edmunds c. 1620–1635, identifying John with the town where he trained rather than where he was born. A Norwich-born son of Francis Gurney apprenticed out to BSE would fit Banks’s note and remains consistent with Candidate B, not contradictory.

American Biography, colonial arms, and the Norfolk-line memory

The 1926 American Biography entry for David Allston Gurney is derivative on colonial vital details, but it preserves one family-memory claim that belongs in the Candidate B evidence set: “The Gurney arms kept by the American Gurneys show connection with Norfolk (England) Gurneys.” The same extract gives the familiar but problematic tradition that John Gurney was born in England on 29 September 1615, came “probably from Southwark, near London Bridge,” settled at Braintree, died in 1663, and had sons Richard and John at Weymouth. Those vital and origin statements conflict with this file’s older-father chronology and two-Johns/Newgate deconflation, so they should not be treated as controlling facts.^[3]

The arms statement is different. It is not proof of parentage, but if the American arms can be traced to an early object, seal, Bible, bookplate, gravestone, manuscript, or family paper belonging to the Braintree/Weymouth line, it would be a moderate positive indicator for Candidate B. Francis Gurney’s family belonged to the Norfolk line whose arms were argent, a cross engrailed gules; a genuinely inherited American use of that arms tradition would fit the Norfolk hypothesis better than the Bucks, Herts, Kent, or separate London same-name candidates. If the arms prove to be copied from Burke, Daniel Gurney, or late nineteenth-century antiquarian print, the evidentiary value drops to near zero.^[3:1][4]

The Lysander Franklin Gurney sketch in Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, as transcribed by AccessGenealogy, preserves an earlier form of the same family-memory problem. It says the American branch cherished Gurney arms, cites a manuscript in the possession of the late Lysander F. Gurney’s family, and presents John of Braintree as a John Newgate apprentice born 29 September 1615, with Richard of Weymouth appearing as son according to the family records. Treat the passage as a manuscript pointer and conflict witness, not as controlling proof over the Braintree age and chronology evidence.^[5]

Find a Grave memorial 252975617 - Elm Street Cemetery and the recurring 1615 tradition

The Find a Grave memorial 252975617 for John Gurney records two things worth keeping. The new datum is the burial location: “Elm Street Cemetery, Braintree, Norfolk County, Massachusetts.” That place was not previously named in this file or in the case file. The recurring datum is the same problematic origin tradition already preserved from American Biography vol. 26: birth 29 September 1615 in “London Borough of Brent, Greater London, England,” and death 16 March 1663 at Braintree. The 1615 birth conflicts with the older-father chronology favored here; the “London Borough of Brent” place name is anachronistic, since Brent is a 1965 London administrative creation and cannot describe a seventeenth-century parish. Treat the cemetery line as a citation-worthy derivative datum to chase against parish or town records, and treat the 1615/Brent line as another instance of the late tradition rather than a controlling fact.^[6]

Combined Anderson + Banks assessment

Both major published compilations of New England emigrant origins examined so far leave Buckinghamshire weakly supported at best. Banks points Suffolk/Bury St. Edmunds, without a primary citation; Anderson lists origin as “Unknown.”

Effect on candidate probabilities (superseded by later elimination work):

• Candidate A (Stewkley -> Bierton -> Aylesbury -> Northants): now about 1-2%, effectively eliminated by continuous English residence evidence.
• Candidate B (son of Francis G14 + Margaret Rybett, Norfolk/Norwich): remains about 55-60%.
• Candidate C (Berkhamsted, Herts): now about 0-1%, effectively eliminated by the Berkhamsted family group, age mismatch, and naming mismatch.

The compiler discussion remains useful as provenance, but later primary-index work now controls the probabilities.

The Newgate apprenticeship / 1636 record — de-conflated

Winthrop/Savage’s Addenda records the 21 July 1636 Newgate episode directly. John Newgate brought John Gurney, described as his apprentice, before the governor; Gurney had gotten away his indentures; the order required service until age 24, specified as three years from the following 29 September.^[1:1]

That record explains the derivative tradition that John Gurney was age 21 on 29 September 1636 and therefore born about 29 September 1615. It does not, by itself, identify the apprentice as John Gurney of Braintree. The 1615 chronology remains in tension with the Braintree age witness of about 50 in 1652/3 and with the older-child chronology attached to Richard, Mary, Peter, John, and Isaac.

John Newgate himself is securely documented in Boston. A 1639 Winthrop deed identifies him as “John Newgate of Boston in New England Feltmaker,” which fits the hatter/feltmaker form in later derivative accounts.^[7]

Newgate’s Horningsheath origin — explains Banks’s Bury St Edmunds attribution

John Newgate himself was from Horningsheath, Suffolk (~3 miles south-west of Bury St Edmunds), residing later at Hessett, Bury St Edmunds, and Southwark before his 1633 emigration.^[8] The 1636 apprentice he brought before the Boston court was therefore most plausibly a young Suffolk man drawn from Newgate’s own kinship or apprenticeship network. This is the cleanest single explanation for Banks’s “Bury St Edmunds” attribution for John Gurney (banks-brownell-1937 p. 151): Banks’s manuscript memo likely recorded the apprentice rather than the older Braintree John, with subsequent compiler tradition then conflating the two Johns into a single biographical sketch.

Anderson’s 1636 arrival date in the Great Migration Directory (anderson-gmd-2015 p. 158) is most plausibly traceable to the same Newgate-apprentice tradition rather than to the older Braintree John, who first appears in primary colonial records at Weymouth in June 1641. The recurring American family-memory tradition of a 29 September 1615 birth and “Southwark, near London Bridge” origin (Lysander F. Gurney sketch; American Biography vol. 26; Find a Grave memorial 252975617) sits cleanly inside the apprentice’s profile (1615 birth, Newgate’s last English residence at Southwark) and would have entered the American line via the apprentice’s own descent (if he stayed in New England) or via early conflation with the older man.

No separate post-1639 colonial trail surfaces in indexed Massachusetts records for a John Gurney born c.1615. The apprentice may have died in early Boston (smallpox, fluxes, and infant mortality were endemic), returned to England at term-end, or married into a non-Gurney surname. The two-Johns reading remains the cleanest framing.

Great Migration corridor — empirical priors for Candidate B

Approximately 60 percent of Massachusetts Bay emigrants 1630-1640 came from nine eastern counties (Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Lincolnshire, parts of Bedfordshire, Kent), with under 10 percent from London proper and the remaining ~40 percent from thirty-four other English counties.^[9] Roger Thompson documents 2,000+ departures from greater East Anglia (Lincoln-Norfolk-Suffolk-Cambridge-Essex) in the same decade.^[10] Francis G14’s combined Norfolk-and-London profile sits inside the dominant corridor.

The Edward Gilman cohort emigration on the Diligent of Ipswich (departed 26 April 1638 Gravesend, arrived Boston 10 August 1638, primarily Norfolk Hingham passengers bound for Hingham, Massachusetts — fewer than 10 miles from Braintree/Weymouth) is the corridor event nearest in time and place to John Gurney’s 1641 Weymouth appearance. Ann Gurney’s husband John Gilman was apprenticed in 1609 in Deopham, Norfolk as a worsted weaver to John Bubbyn; Ann Gurney + John Gilman themselves did not emigrate (Ann buried Hingham, Norfolk, 23 November 1651), but at least two of their sons emigrated to Exeter, New Hampshire (John Gilman Jr born 1638, emigrated by 1658; Charles Gilman born 1642, emigrated 1664 “with his brother John and cousins”). The Diligent passenger list itself contains no Gurney passenger (Banks/Cushing transcription), so John Gurney travelled on a different vessel within the same multi-year corridor.^[11]

The conditional probability of an East Anglia / London origin for the colonial John, given his Essex colonial associations (Daniel Shed of Finchingfield as son-in-law, William Tyng of Stanford Rivers as landlord, Braintree-MA named after Braintree-Essex, Coleman Street adjacency), is materially higher than the unconditional ~60% corridor baseline.

Mary Gurney’s English birth — bounded via Mary Shed 1647 marriage

Daniel Shed was baptized 25 June 1620 at St John the Baptist, Finchingfield, Essex (parish register confirmed via Essex, England Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials 1538-1812). He first appears in Braintree, Massachusetts records by 1643 and married Mary Gurney in 1647. The Braintree Book of Records preserves seven births to Daniel and Mary between 1 October 1647 and 30 October 1658.^[12]

At a minimum reasonable marriage age of 16, Mary Gurney was born by 1631. Standard derivative tradition (Sprague p. 695; History of Weymouth vol. 3 p. 251; Torrey p. 666 with question marks; Shedd 1920) places her birth at c.1628 in England. Either way, Mary was born in England well before any colonial residence for the colonial John Gurney.

This bounds the John Gurney + Mary marriage as an English event before 1628. FS, Findmypast, and Ancestry indexed eastern-England parish-marriage collections 1620-1635 contain zero John Gurney + Mary marriages outside the already-eliminated Eythorne Kent / Mary Marsh event. The absence of an indexed John+Mary marriage reflects parish-register coverage gaps in 17th-century East Anglian indexing rather than an absent or out-of-England event. A plausible split-family chronology places Sarah, Mary, Richard, and John Jr born in England (c.1627-1633) and Peter and possibly Isaac born in Massachusetts (c.1638-1645).

The case-file’s prior “no English baptism of any colonial-John child” reading is best understood as a parallel parish-register-coverage gap on the English side, not as evidence against an English marriage.

Torrey marriage compendium - John1 family group cross-check

Torrey’s New England Marriages Prior to 1700, page 331, gives a one-page cross-check of the John1 family group used in this file. The relevant Gurney lines on that page are:

• “GURNEY, John’ (-1663) & 1/wf ? (-1661); b 1628; Weymouth”
• “GURNEY, John (1603-1663) & 2/wf Grezell (FLETCHER) (JEWELL) (GRIGGS) KIBBEE (-1669), w Thomas, w Humphrey, w Henry, m/5 John BURGE 1667; 12 Nov 1661; Braintree”
• “GURNEY, John" (-1675?) & Ruth ?RETCHELL, m/2 John BUNDY 1676, m/3 Guydo BAILEY; b 1671(2?); Menden (had John, Samuel, Mary)”

The first two lines independently support the working chronology: John1 born about 1603, his unnamed first wife dying in 1661, his marriage to widow Grezell Kibbee on 12 November 1661 at Braintree, and his death in 1663. The Kibbee marriage chain is given here as Fletcher (maiden) - Jewell - Griggs - Kibbee - Burge (1667), with the Humphrey Griggs identification matching the form used elsewhere in this file rather than the older “Henry Greggs.” The third line is the John Jr. who settled in Mendon; Torrey gives him a 1671/2 marriage to Ruth and three children John, Samuel, and Mary, which adds detail not previously preserved in this file’s children section. Use Torrey as a supplemental compendium, not a primary record.^[13]

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Known Facts

Fact	Source	Strength
Birth c. 1609–12	AI-Rules §7 #6 (revised from c. 1603 after Francis + Margaret marriage confirmation)	Inferred from family chronology
Occupation: tailor	Multiple New England records	Confirmed
English origin not provably identified	Anderson GMD p. 158 (“Unknown”)	Published negative
Suffolk / Bury St. Edmunds attribution	Banks p. 151 (“Banks Mss.”)	Lead, not proof
First confirmed Massachusetts record: June 1641, Weymouth fine	Weymouth Hist 3:251 (not yet pulled); also referenced by Anderson	Confirmed in working chronology
Anderson-assigned arrival: 1636	Anderson GMD p. 158	Published, source not yet examined
Settlements per Anderson: Boston, Braintree	Anderson GMD p. 158	Published
May 1645 petition for a new plantation at Braintree	Colonial petition record	Confirmed
1653 deposition states he was “aged about 50 years”	Wilson v. Faxon deposition	Strong age evidence
d. 1662/3, Braintree, MA	Working chronology	Confirmed
First wife: Mary, maiden name unknown	Working chronology; “Richards” in derivative trees remains unverified	Maiden name open
Second wife: Grizzell Fletcher/Kidbee, traditional m. 12 Nov 1661	Torrey/Sprague/TAG tradition; 1886 Braintree printed town-record conflict	Conflict to resolve

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Colonial / New England Record Detail

Grizzell Fletcher (second wife)

Compiled Gurney sources identify Grizzell as the daughter of Robert Fletcher of Chelmsford, Essex, England, and place John Gurney as her fourth husband after Thomas Jewell, Humphrey Greggs/Griggs, and Henry Kibby/Kibbee. The accessible 1886 Braintree town-record transcription complicates that statement: the 9th month 12, 1661 marriage line is printed as “John Cheny Senior and Grizell Kidbee,” and the 7th month 20, 1661 wife-death line is printed as “Cheny the wife of John Cheny.” Those two dates correspond to the traditional Gurney chronology, but the printed surname is Cheny/Cheney rather than Gurney.^[14]

Do not flatten this into a rejection of the Grizzell-Gurney connection. Torrey, Sprague, and TAG preserve the Grizzell marriage sequence, and the Mendon proprietary record stream separately preserves Grisel Gurney/Widow Gurny in the Juell/Kibbee/Burge network. The next source question is whether the original Braintree manuscript reads Gurney/Gurny, whether the 1886 Cheny reading is correct, or whether later compilers merged a Cheney vital line with the Grisel Gurney proprietary evidence.^[14:1]

The Chelmsford connection is purely colonial. There is no evidence linking John to Chelmsford, Essex as an English origin point.

Note: “Mary Richards” appears in some derivative sources as the name of John’s first wife, but that attribution remains unverified and has not been traced to a primary record.

Land and property records

Date	Record	Detail	Source
c. 1651/52	Weymouth land grants and lot list	Nash preserves John under Gurny/Gurnie/Gurney variants in early Weymouth land descriptions: two East Field references, one Mill Field reference, and a direct 1651/2 lot-list entry naming John Gurney as no. 16. These entries show early Weymouth land rights later attached to other holders.	Nash, Historical Sketch of Weymouth; History of Weymouth
25 May 1653	Tyng/Ting Braintree tenancy	The Tyng inventory places 48 Braintree acres “in the possession of John Gurney.” Suffolk Deeds, Liber IV, supplies the deed-record context: one of two Braintree messuages or tenements allotted to Bethia and Mercy Ting was occupied “by lease” by John Gurney, and a later agreement repeats the leasehold description.	NEHGR 30:432; Suffolk Deeds. Liber IV
12 Feb 1661	Braintree land sale	Sold land in Braintree. Deed witnessed by son John Jr.	Braintree deed records
1662 and later title trail	Mendon proprietary rights	Ballou names John Gurney among the Braintree men accepted to allotments in the Netmooke/Mendon plantation. The Mendon proprietors’ records preserve John Gurny and Grisel Gurney as separate twenty-acre lot holders and later preserve John Gurny’s house lot, meadow, and swamp-lot references in title and boundary descriptions.	Ballou; Mendon Proprietors’ Records

John’s colonial land trail is strongest when read as a sequence across Weymouth, Braintree, and Mendon rather than as a single residence claim. Nash gives the Weymouth baseline: John appears in the 1651/2 lot list and in earlier-grant references under Gurny/Gurnie spelling variants.^[15]

The Braintree evidence is leasehold and community-context evidence, not ownership proof. Suffolk Deeds. Liber IV records one Ting/Tyng estate property at Braintree as occupied “by lease” by John Gurney, matching the existing Tyng-property context while identifying the legal setting more precisely.^[16]

The 12 February 1661 Braintree conveyance printed by Samuel A. Bates identifies the grantor as John Gurney, tailor. Gurney conveyed to Richard Thayer, for fourteen pounds, a house and orchard, a five-acre parcel on the Monatiquot/Monoticot River, and an adjacent half-acre parcel. The record is useful for occupation, Braintree property, and neighborhood reconstruction; it is not English-origin evidence.^[17]

The Mendon material shows recognized proprietary standing and later title survival. Ballou places John among the Braintree men accepted to allotments in 1662, while the Mendon proprietors’ records list John Gurny and Grisel Gurney as separate twenty-acre lot holders. Grisel’s copied will material ties her Mendon accommodation to Joseph Juell and the Juell/Kibbee/Burge network. Later references to John Gurny’s house lot, meadow, and swamp lot preserve the land trail after title had passed to others. Because Mendon was not incorporated until 15 May 1667 and John died in 1662/3, John’s name in the post-incorporation print stream is most plausibly an early grant carried into the proprietor list or a retrospective allottee record; preserve the chronology as a qualifier and pull the underlying manuscript proprietors’ records before treating either reading as final.^[18][19]

John’s 1663 probate inventory did not appraise ordinary Braintree real estate as a stable landholding, but it did note a land interest “layd out in land at Quinapaug wch we know not.” Treat this as an unclarified or unvalued frontier proprietary interest rather than as ordinary appraised Braintree land. The NEHGR abstract gives the inventory amount as £55 14s 6d.^[20][21]

Deposition and court records

1653 deposition (Wilson v. Faxon): John stated he was “aged about 50 years.” The case context has not yet been fully examined. The full deposition file could contain origin clues and remains a research priority.

May 1645 petition: John signed a petition for a new plantation at Braintree.

Community and probate records in Braintree, Billerica, and Suffolk County

The Massachusetts Bay Records entry behind MBCR 1:331 is a direct court-record anchor for John Gurney’s presence in the colony by June 1641. The page records that John Gurney, James Ludden, and John Porter had their fines remitted for want of gunpowder. The entry is a court action, not an origin, age, family, or residence statement; Weymouth identification still depends on the associated local-history context.^[22]

The NEHGR 62:94 source pull gives a compact age and court-file anchor for John Gurney. Under Suffolk Court Files item no. 188, the printed note reads: “22d paper. John Gurney of Brayntree aged 50 Yeares or therea-abouts. Dated 17-1-[16]52-3.” The age corrects the intake typo that read 60. If the court-file dating follows old-style month numbering, the date is 17 March 1652/3. The record is a strong chronological anchor for a birth around 1602/3 if the stated age was close, and at minimum a direct same-place age witness for John in Braintree in 1652/3.^[23]

The Gregory Baxter profile in Anderson’s Great Migration Begins places John Gurney in a 1659 Suffolk probate context. Gregory Baxter’s 19 June 1659 will/codicil sequence voided a bequest to “my son Dearing” and gave that land to Baxter’s son John. John Gurney witnessed the will with Moses Payne and Richard Brackett; Payne and Brackett also witnessed the codicil. Anderson reports the will as sworn 14 [sic] June 1659, probably 24 June, citing Suffolk Probate Records 1:323.^[24]

The same Baxter profile says the inventory was taken 7 July 1659 by John Gurney, Moses Paine, and Edmund Quinsey. It totaled 417 pounds 19 shillings, including 315 pounds in real estate: dwelling house, barn, orchard, and 2 1/2 acres of pasture; twenty acres of marsh; twenty-four acres of upland; six acres of plowland; and eighty acres of woodland. The inventory was sworn by Margaret Baxter, Gregory Baxter’s widow, and John Baxter, their son, citing Suffolk Probate Records 3:146. For John Gurney, the value is not land ownership but community standing: he was trusted as both probate witness and inventory taker in another household’s estate.^[24:1]

The Suffolk probate index for vol. 2, G to O, identifies the Gurney/Gurny probate-index entry for John Gurney/Gurny administration case no. 338 in the 1663 context. That case-number lead is now supported by a manuscript image of SPR Case #338 and the NEHGR vol. 12 “Suffolk Wills” abstract.^{[25][20:1][21:1]}

The underlying Suffolk probate material for John Gurney is no longer merely an index lead. A manuscript image of SPR Case #338 and the NEHGR vol. 12 “Suffolk Wills” abstract show a Braintree probate inventory dated 16 March 1663 for “John Gurney senr, deceased.” The inventory was taken by Gregory Belcher, Edmund Quincy, and Thomas Faxon, and NEHGR abstracts the amount as £55 14s 6d. The manuscript page includes clothing, bedding, household metalware, a musket, agricultural tools, grain, livestock, cart or wheel equipment, and a land-interest line reading approximately “An estate layd out in land at Quinapaug wch we know not.” That Quinapaug line is not visible in the brief NEHGR abstract, but it is a significant new land clue and should be correlated with the Mendon/Nipmug/Quinshipaug proprietary record stream in which John Gurny and Grisel Gurney later appear as twenty-acre lot holders.^{[20:2][21:2][19:1]}

The debt section is genealogically useful because it maps John’s creditor and obligation network across Braintree, Weymouth, Boston, and the Mendon frontier land orbit. NEHGR names debts due from the estate to Peter Brackett, Joseph Adams, Francis Nucomb, John Dassit Senr, Goodman King of Waymouth, Goodman Baly, John Mills, John Cleverly, Smith, and Collins at Boston. The manuscript also appears to include a substantial allowance to the widow “for goods impaired out of her estate,” a debt to Francis Eliot, charges at Boston and funeral, Mr Alcocke and the Church of Braintree, and a later or separate Wharton-related notation. Peter Brackett is especially important because he was one of the Braintree men associated with the purchase of the Mendon/Nipmug tract; Goodman King of Weymouth is a useful bridge to the Weymouth land question; and the Boston names and “charges at Boston” show Boston-facing probate or commercial obligations without, by themselves, identifying John of Braintree with the 1636 John Newgate apprentice.^{[20:3][21:3][19:2]}

The same NEHGR page contains a separate “Widow Wilson” entry stating that £4 was “in hands of John Gurney” and that the Wilson children were to receive a due proportion of that £4 “with other creditors to ye late John Gurney’s estate.” This creates another Braintree estate-accounting tie involving Francis Eliot and shows John’s estate as debtor or holder of funds for another local estate.^[21:4]

Hazen’s Billerica history gives a separate 1659 town-finance context. On the 10 September 1659 rate for the half payment of the Dudley Farm purchase, John Gurney appears with an assessment of 2-5-10. Hazen explains that the Dudley Farm price was 110 pounds and that the remaining balance of the 55-pound half payment was probably assessed on later town purchasers. This links John to the Billerica purchase-rate context, but it should not be inflated into proof of permanent Billerica residence without the underlying town and land records.^[26]

Children — working notes

Sarah: No birth date recorded. Listed first by Sprague. No marriage or death record yet located.

Mary: Married Daniel Shed. The Shed family was from Finchingfield, Essex, providing a family-level Essex connection in New England, but not evidence of John’s own English origin.

Mary Gurney / John Lewis of Nevis will lead

The NEHGR vol. 49 “Genealogical Gleanings in England” extract for John Lewis of Nevis, merchant, preserves a same-name family lead that belongs in this companion even though the Mary is not yet identified. The will was dated 21 December 1699 and proved 9 July 1701. It names Lewis’s sister Elizabeth Lewis, father Thomas Lewis, kinswoman Grisell Lloyd daughter of James Lloyd of New England, friends Arthur Plomer and William Ling of Nevis as executors in trust, Henry Lloyd of Bristol as sole executor, and witness Thomas Nowell. In the middle of that abstract appears the phrase “Mary Gurney the daughter of John Gurney.” Keep this as an unresolved Mary Gurney lead, not as proof that she is John Gurney-1’s daughter Mary Shed.^[27]

Richard (G12): Of Weymouth. Freeman 1681. Married Rebecca Taylor (named in Taylor’s will, proved 1688). Died intestate October 1691. Children: John (killed in the Mendon massacre, 1675), Zachariah (served in a King Philip’s War relief company), Joseph (b. 22 Feb 1664/65), Mary (b. 9 Sept 1667), Benjamin (G11, c. 1676). Land grants in Weymouth included East field, mill field, and the east side of Great Pond. In 1683 he received a 6-acre Town Common grant west of the pond. The John–Richard relationship remains plausible and traditional, but a surfaced primary statement of relationship is still lacking.

John Jr.: Of Weymouth and Mendon. Killed at Mendon in July 1675 during King Philip’s War. Witnessed his father’s 1661 deed.

Peter: An England-wide FamilySearch search found zero Peter Gurney baptisms in the working 1620-1645 set, but a later Findmypast UK Parish Baptisms search for 1632-1642 returned twelve Peter Gurney-variant results, including Peter G., christened 27 February 1641 at Smallburgh, Norfolk, father Peter G. (FMP transcript R_880200102; “G.” is a partial surname index). The colonial John Gurney’s son Peter remains distinctive because none of the FMP results match a John-Gurney-father pattern, but the name was not absolutely absent from Norfolk Gurney-variant households. Mary’s maiden family remains the most likely source of the colonial son’s name.^[28]

Isaac: Attribution remains uncertain. Possibly born c. 1643 in Massachusetts.

Richard Gurney (G12) — land records

Date	Record	Detail	Source
Before 1642–44	Weymouth grants	East field, mill field, east side of Great Pond	History of Weymouth
1683	Town Common grant	6 acres west side of Pond, voted by Weymouth town meeting “to build a house & fence”	History of Weymouth, p. 251
—	Braintree land	Land at Braintree on the Abington–Bridgewater line passed to son Benjamin (G11), likely inherited from John Gurney-1	Deed records

---

Origin Analysis and Elimination Work

Child-cluster anchor walk: Richard and Isaac (2026-05-11)

The colonial John’s distinctive children are Sarah, Mary, Richard, John Jr., Peter, and possibly Isaac. Per user direction Pass 9 favored cluster matching over negative-result elimination by anchoring on the two rarer male names (Richard and Isaac) and looking for any English John Gurney household carrying a son with that name in the right window.

Richard Gurney + father John Gurney, England 1620-1645 (FamilySearch Records, all collections, 388 results filtered to “Principal” baptized child): only one Richard Gurney baptism with father John appears in the English-indexed record set in this window: Richard Gurnie, 15 December 1626, St Peter Hertfordshire, Candidate C’s Richard 1626 Berkhamsted, already eliminated in v24.

Isaac Gurney + father John Gurney, England 1620-1650 (FamilySearch Records, all collections, 287 results): zero “Principal” Isaac Gurney baptisms with father John in England in this window. The Bucks Isaacs (Cublington 1664; Radclive 1710 Isaac Gurney + Mary Kempe marriage; Great Brickhill 1748; Etwall 1745) are all post-window.

The cluster-anchor negative confirms that no English John Gurney household contains Richard, John Jr., Peter, or Isaac in any combination outside the already identified candidates: Candidate A Aylesbury, Candidate C Berkhamsted, Eythorne Kent, Toddington Beds, Denton Norfolk, East Claydon Bucks, and Earsham Norfolk. Per user direction this is not treated as definitive elimination; it is consistent with the colonial John fathering his distinctive children entirely in Massachusetts after his June 1641 emigration.^[29]

TNA probate — context records

These are not John Gurney testators, but they help define surrounding family networks and eliminate or weaken alternate clusters:

Name / Record	Location	Date	Significance
Anne Gurney, widow (PROB 11/260/14)	Eythorne, Kent	Will 20 Nov 1656	Sons Edward, John, William, Thomas; deceased Leonard. Helps confirm Kent as a separate cluster.
Daniel Gurney (PROB 11/347/122)	Aylesbury, Bucks	Will 1669	Wife Sarah; brother John; also Samuel, Edward, Elizabeth Smith, Hannah. Useful for Bucks cluster reconstruction.
William Gurney (PROB 11/252/152)	London	Will 20 May 1655	Citizen, perhaps chirurgeon; sons John, Abel, Walter. Possibly same William as St Stephen Coleman Street.
Richard Gurney, labourer (PROB 11/338/493)	London	Will 1 Mar 1674/5	Martha, Joan, and possibly John among kin. Separate London cluster.
Sir Richard Gurney, knight (PROB 11/201/723)	Unknown	Mid-17th c.	Not Norfolk family; Daniel Gurney appendix says “Gurneys of Kendall.”
Tobias / Edward Gurney (PROB 11/54/173)	Unknown	1577	Too early for the emigrant problem; older-generation context only.

Bucks Gurney marriage cluster, 1660-1685 (Phillimore vol. I)

Phillimore Buckinghamshire Parish Registers: Marriages, vol. I, Edlesborough section, prints a tight cluster of Gurney marriages in the second half of the seventeenth century:

• Wm. Gurney & Martha Halsey, 1660
• Joh. Gurney & Mary Kidgell, 1661
• Saml. Gurney, of Bierton, & Elizab. Bunce, of Padbury, 1662
• Tho. Gurney, of Hockliffe, & Frances Norman, of Houghton Regis, 1680
• Geo. Hill, of Chesham, & Mary Gurney, 1685

The 1661 John-and-Mary marriage is materially incompatible with the colonial John Gurney-1: the colonial John buried his first wife Mary at Braintree on 20 September 1661 and married Grizzell Fletcher on 12 November 1661 at Braintree. Either this Edlesborough John is the same person as Candidate A, in which case Candidate A is eliminated outright by the 1661 Bucks marriage, or he is a separately documented Bucks John Gurney with a Mary wife, in which case he depletes the residual “Unknown other origin” bucket by accounting for one more Bucks “John + Mary” household. The cluster also corroborates the 1642 Bucks Contributions for Ireland reading of a continuing Edlesborough yeoman Gurney presence and is consistent with VCH Bucks vol. 3 Edlesborough showing zero Gurney landholders at the manorial level: the Edlesborough Gurneys were yeoman, not gentry.^[30]

Bucks Gurney household map (Findmypast indexes, 2026-05-09)

A walk of the Buckinghamshire Marriage Index, Buckinghamshire Burial Index, and Buckinghamshire Baptism Index reveals at least five distinct seventeenth-century Bucks John Gurney households contemporary with the colonial John Gurney’s New England career:

• Candidate A - John Gurney + Alice Oliffe, married 24 Apr 1628, Bierton with Broughton (Bucks Archives PR16/1/1Q p. 30). No Bucks-indexed children of this marriage; family chronology continues with TNA E 115/180/113 (1641 cert of residence Aylesbury to Northants) and 1650 Walgrave Northants tenancy. The wife’s surname Oliffe rewrites the older case-file “Alice Collindridge” identification.
• John Gurney + Elizabeth at East Claydon, children Elinor 1632 and Samuel 1636 (Bucks Baptism Index). John Gurney of this household was buried at East Claydon 17 Apr 1654 (Bucks Burial Index, Bucks Archives PR51/1/1). Separate from Candidate A.
• John Gurney + Elizabeth at Chesham, children Andtr and Martha (Bucks Baptism Index, register range 1576-1682). John Gurney burials at Chesham in July 1672 and on 11 June 1678 (Bucks Burial Index, Bucks Archives D/A/T/42). Separate household.
• John Gurney + Anne at Wing, children James 1650 and Elizabeth 1652 (Bucks Baptism Index). Separate household.
• John Gurney + Mary at Cublington, son Isaac baptized 1664 (three Bucks Baptism Index entries; possibly duplicate transcriptions). Most plausible identity for the John Gurney and son Isaac who held the Stewkley manor by 1687 and sold to Anne Robinson of Stepney in 1701 per VCH Bucks vol. 3 pp. 420-426; Cublington is about five miles SW of Stewkley. A Bucks “John + Mary” household post-dating the colonial John’s death (16 Mar. 1662/3 inventory).
• Aylesbury, Bucks - Luke Gurney household. Four children indexed at Aylesbury 1621-1635: Thomas 1621, Elizabeth 1623, Luke 1624, Prudence 1635. Luke Gurney is a distinct Aylesbury Gurney patriarch separate from Candidate A’s John Gurney + Alice Oliffe (1638-1653 children at Saint Mary Aylesbury), the second 1638 Aylesbury John who married Anne Cowheard, and Edward Gurny (1660s). Luke is not a John Gurney father, so the household does not appear in the case file’s §8 elimination table.^[31]

Additionally, Edward Gurny was a separate Aylesbury Gurney head-of-household in the 1660s: son Jon Gurny was buried 2 Feb 1665 (Bucks Archives B24) and daughter Ann Gurny was baptized in 1666 (Bucks Baptism Index). The older case-file claim “Jonathan baptized Aylesbury 22 Nov 1647 son of John” should be qualified by source: the 1665 Aylesbury Jon was son of Edward, while FamilySearch separately verifies Jonathan son of John at Saint Mary Aylesbury in 1647.^[32]

Ackworth, Yorkshire: Mary Burton marriage and 1637 baptism reach primary index (2026-05-12)

The long-standing compiled-genealogy claim of a John Gurney + Mary Barton/Burton marriage at Ackworth in 1636 now reaches primary index level. Findmypast England Marriages 1538-1973 transcript R_855220028 records John Gurnoe and Mary Burton married at Ackworth 6 June 1636. The same Findmypast collection surfaces an England Births & Baptisms 1538-1975 transcript R_948023155 for John Thomas Gurnoe baptized at Ackworth 19 January 1637, the year after the marriage and consistent with a continuing Yorkshire household.

The wife is in fact named Mary, and the marriage date sits inside the 1636-1638 emigration-cohort window, so the Ackworth household survives elimination by the wife-name test that disposes of most other same-name candidates. It still fails on the child-naming and geographic-corridor tests: the colonial John’s first child is Sarah (about 1628) and the colonial John appears at Weymouth by June 1641 in the Massachusetts corridor that drew from East Anglia rather than the West Riding. Working notes for this household live in research/people/john-gurnoe-ackworth-yorkshire.md. The case-file Section 8 Ackworth row in research/case-files/john-gurney-case-file-v4.md has been updated to record the primary-record confirmation; probability remains Unlikely (about 2%).

Open items: Ackworth parish-register image pull (West Yorkshire Archives or Borthwick) for the 1636 marriage and 1637 baptism father/mother fields; Ackworth burial-register check for either spouse; West Riding probate index search for a John Gurnoe/Gurney/Gurny death record 1636-1680. Source IDs: findmypast-ackworth-gurnoe-burton-marriage-1636, findmypast-ackworth-gurnoe-baptism-1637-john-thomas.

Candidate A Aylesbury family group (FS-verified 2026-05-09)

FamilySearch England, Births and Christenings, 1538-1975 returns four directly relevant Candidate A children at Saint Mary, Aylesbury, all with father John Gurney:

• Sarah Gurney, baptized 22 August 1639
• Daniell Gurney, baptized 26 December 1645 (FS ID JWN5-W5B, attached tree MSRS-B8Z)
• Jonathan Gurney, baptized 22 November 1647 (FS ID JMBC-P2G, attached tree LBKR-M1H)
• Hannah Gurney, baptized 12 November 1653

The 1639-1653 family group at Saint Mary Aylesbury is incompatible with the colonial John Gurney’s continuous New England career (Weymouth fine June 1641; Wilson v. Faxon deposition 1653; Braintree death 1662/3). Candidate A is therefore the Aylesbury John, not the MA emigrant. Combined with the 1628 Bierton with Broughton marriage to Alice Oliffe, the repo-internal 1641 TNA E 115/180/113 cert of residence Aylesbury to Northants, and the 1650 Walgrave Northants tenancy, the Candidate A elimination is effectively complete. The Stewkley 1603 baptism is now confirmed at primary-index level through FamilySearch England Births and Christenings (FS ID JMRS-DX6); the Stewkley Dickson/Putnam 1897 register remains useful for siblings, parents, later appearances, and burial context rather than as the highest discriminating pull for Candidate A.^[33]

A separate FS Records entry surfaces John Gurney + Anne Cowheard, married 25 Oct 1638, Saint Mary, Aylesbury (FS ID N2TD-Z9Z, attached tree M37F-R5D). Either this is a separately documented Aylesbury John, or Candidate A remarried at Aylesbury after Alice Oliffe died, with the 1639-1653 Aylesbury children documented under the second marriage. Mother field is unindexed on the FS Records children entries, so the marriage-to-children link cannot be proven from FS alone. Retain as a Candidate A wife-uncertainty note rather than a controlling fact.

A FamilySearch England, Births and Christenings filter for father John Gurney at Aylesbury surfaces an additional 16 December 1638 son John Gurney baptism not previously documented in the case file. The 1638 baptism either extends Candidate A’s family group earlier by one year (placing a son John Jr. about 10 years after the 1628 Bierton marriage to Alice Oliffe and about 10 months before the indexed Sarah 1639) or identifies a second contemporaneous Aylesbury John Gurney father. Mother field is unindexed on the 1638 record, so the marriage-to-child link cannot be proven from FS alone. Either reading independently reinforces, rather than weakens, Candidate A’s effective elimination.^[34]

FS Tree profile LT9Z-KQ1 (colonial John Gurney) - 2026-05-09 walk

A FamilySearch Tree search for John Gurney born 1600-1610 in England with spouse Mary surfaced profile LT9Z-KQ1 (“John Gurney, 21 Feb 1603 - 16 Mar 1663, born Bury Saint Edmunds Suffolk, died Braintree Norfolk Massachusetts”). Treat the tree profile as research context only, not as a citable source record. The attached primary indexed record that matters for Candidate A is the FamilySearch England Births and Christenings entry for Jhon Gurney, son of Jhon Gurney, christened 21 February 1603 at Stewkley, Buckinghamshire (FS ID JMRS-DX6).^[33:1]

The tree profile is internally inconsistent: it states a Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk birthplace, matching Banks’s manuscript-based attribution, while attaching the Stewkley, Buckinghamshire baptism source that belongs to the Candidate A line. That conflation is the same problem this case file has been disentangling: the Stewkley baptism, the Banks Bury St Edmunds attribution, and the Massachusetts John cannot simply be merged.

The remaining LT9Z-KQ1 attached sources are mostly already represented in this file or in the case file source system: Pope’s Pioneers of Massachusetts, History of Weymouth, Massachusetts town/vital material, Find a Grave, and Banks’s Topographical Dictionary. The Puritan Great Migration Project attachment does not add a new academic source chain and should not be carried as an open lead unless a primary source behind it surfaces.

One attached item does create a parked Bucks lead: a Medmenham, Buckinghamshire parish-register item titled The Parsons and Parish Registers of Medmenham, Buckinghamshire, with user note “Richard gurney marriage.” The FamilySearch image was restricted in this pass, but F. T. Wethered’s 1898 printed register is retrievable on Internet Archive. Medmenham is in southeast Buckinghamshire, about 30 miles from Stewkley, and the “Richard gurney marriage” note could point to a son of Candidate A or to an unrelated Bucks Richard. Keep it as a parked source-pull lead, not as evidence yet.

A second derivative-tree non-lead is the Ancestry user tree “Miner/Stemple/Flood/Hazeltine Family Tree,” which attributes the maiden name “Richards” to the colonial John’s wife Mary and gives son Richard a 1630 birth at “Weymouth, Norfolk, Massachusetts, USA.” The tree has no primary-record citation for the Richards surname; treat alongside the LT9Z-KQ1 Puritan Great Migration Project entry as a non-lead unless a primary source for the Richards surname surfaces.

Candidate C Berkhamsted family group (FMP Hertfordshire Baptisms, 2026-05-09)

FMP Hertfordshire Baptism Index returns the following Candidate C Berkhamsted family group to John Gurney father 1610-1636 (mother unindexed):

• Henry Gourney, 1610
• Sara Gourney, 1615 (first daughter Sara; presumably died young, replaced)
• Jhon Gourney, 1624
• Richard Gourney, 1626 (case-file standing)
• Elizabeth Gourney, 1629
• Michael Gourney, 1631
• Sarah Gourney, 1634 (case-file standing)
• Francis Gurney, 1636

Candidate C is effectively eliminated for three reasons taken together: (a) the 1610 Henry baptism requires Candidate C’s John to be born about 1585-1590, older than the colonial John (b. about 1603); (b) a Francis son in 1636, while the colonial John named no child Francis; © no Mary and no Peter, the colonial John’s distinctive children.^[35]

Norfolk John Gurney household density (FMP UK Parish Baptisms, 2026-05-09)

A Findmypast UK Parish Baptisms search restricted to Norfolk for surname Gurney + father John, year 1623-1643, returns 14 results across six distinct Norfolk parishes: Denton (John + Rachell, children Mary 1638, Thomas 1639, Sarah 1644), Hempnall (Anna 1640, Elizabeth 1641), Stanfield (Mary 1634), Norwich St Margaret & St Swithin (a 1630 child), North Runcton (Beniamin 1625, Frances 1628), and Earsham (already case-file eliminated; John + Elizabeth Singler).

None of these Norfolk John Gurney households match the colonial John’s full distinctive children pattern (Sarah + Mary + Richard + John Jr. + Peter + possibly Isaac) by name and date. The density of Norfolk John Gurney households is nevertheless consistent with Candidate B’s geographic plausibility: Norfolk was a Gurney heartland with multiple parish-level Johns in the same decade.^[36]

Norfolk Gurney households without a John as father (2026-05-11 pass)

The Ancestry-published Norfolk Record Office collection covers about three-quarters of Norfolk parishes. A complete walk for surname Gurney plus variants 1615-1645 returns 14 baptisms across ten households whose father is named other than John. They are not candidates for the case file’s §8 elimination table, which is restricted to John Gurney households, but they characterize the broader Norfolk Gurney presence in the same window and provide Candidate B geographic-plausibility context.

The ten non-John households are:

• Frances Garny at Gillingham (Mary 1624) - identification of Frances Garny vs Francis Gurney G14 (Candidate B’s putative father) is unresolved.
• Thomas and Susanna Gurney at Horstead (Henricus 1626)
• Edward and Anne Gurney at Great Yarmouth (Christian 1629, Wm 1631)
• George and Mary Gurney at Longham (William 1629)
• Robert Gurney at Saham Toney (Gulielmies 1629)
• Robert Gurney at Old Hunstanton Saint Mary’s (Johannie 1629)
• William and Anne Gurney at Cawston (William 1630)
• William Gurney at Norwich Saint Lawrence (Richard 1630, Martha 1633/4, Margaret 1635; William buried Norwich Saint Lawrence 24 January 1640)
• Thomas and Elizabeth Gurney at Great Yarmouth (Mary 1632)
• William and Sarah Gurney at Saxlingham Thorpe and Nethergate (Gulielmus 1635)

Plus the previously noted Earsham John + Elizabeth Singler household and the Denton John/Josiah + Rachell/Rachelle household, whose father identification is unresolved between NRO and FS/FMP. The Norfolk Gurney density remains consistent with Candidate B’s geographic plausibility but does not individually surface a “John Gurney + matching colonial children” cluster.^[37]

Saint Peter le Poer with Saint Benet Fink, London - Francis Gurney G14 second-marriage family (2026-05-11)

The combined Saint Peter le Poer with Saint Benet Fink parish in the City of London indexes seven children of a Francis Gurney + Anne (Bernau 1913 identifies the wife as Anne Browning) across 1619-1637: Dorithy 1619, Roger 1621, Frances (girl) 1625, Francis (boy) 1628, Lucretia 1630, Thomas 1636, Margaret 1637. The 1619 Dorithy and 1621 Roger entries match Daniel Gurney’s 1858 Supplement Note 181 description of Francis Gurney of London’s Saint Benet Fink family, so the household is Francis G14’s London-side family with his second wife. The earliest Saint Benet Fink child Dorothy 1619 begins eight years after Francis G14’s 1611 Norwich marriage to Margaret Ryvett, consistent with Margaret having died and Francis remarrying Anne Browning by 1618.

No indexed John Gurney child of Francis G14 + Anne appears in the Saint Benet Fink record set. If the case file’s Candidate B premise is correct (the colonial John is Francis G14’s son), the colonial John is a child of Francis G14’s first marriage to Margaret Ryvett (case file primary record 3, East Dereham Norfolk), not a child of the London Saint Benet Fink second marriage to Anne Browning.^[38]

Protestation Returns 1641–42

County coverage (Gibson & Dell)

County	Coverage	Implication
London (City)	None	Francis’s absence there is uninformative
Essex	Slight	Absence largely meaningless
Norfolk	None	Cannot test Norfolk directly through this series
Suffolk	None	Cannot test Suffolk directly through this series
Buckinghamshire	Slight	Stewkley cluster nevertheless appears reasonably well represented
Kent	Substantial	Eythorne John is well grounded
Middlesex	Near complete	Better suburban coverage
Hertfordshire	Slight	Candidate C cannot be strongly tested here

Buckinghamshire Gurney cluster

Stewkley: Anthony, Robert (x2), Thomas, Walter. Linslade: Ezekiel, Thomas (x2). Ivinghoe: Thomas. Soulbury: Thomas. Marsh Gibbon: Richard. Chedington: Isaac. Mentmore: Thomas. Marsworth: Richard (x2). No John appears anywhere in Buckinghamshire in the working returns set.

Robert Gurney being alive at Stewkley in 1642 also weakens any adoption-style explanation for the absent John.

London entries

• Abel Gurney at St Pancras Soper Lane — biblical name, possibly the Abel son of William Gurney (PROB 11/252/152).
• William Gurney at St Stephen Coleman Street — identity not yet certain; possibly the same William named above.

These likely derive from London Metropolitan Archives material rather than Parliamentary Archives City returns.

Sir Richard Gurney, Lord Mayor

Daniel Gurney Appendix LXXXIX states: “Sir Richard Gurney was not related to the Norfolk family.” The 1634 visitation traces him instead to the Gurneys of Kendall. He is therefore irrelevant to the direct-line John problem.

Naming-pattern analysis

Name	Norfolk Gurneys (Henry’s 12)	Francis’s SBF children	Bucks Gurneys	Verdict
Sarah	None	None	Sarah 1639 Aylesbury	Puritan/biblical; not diagnostic
Mary	Mary (d. single)	None	Mary 1631 Hitcham	Very common; weak value
Richard	None among 12	None at SBF	Richard 1626 (Robert’s son)	Could reflect Ryvett influence; not decisive
John	None among 12	None at SBF	John 1634, 1638	Ubiquitous; not diagnostic
Peter	Smallburgh Peter G. 1641 shows the name in a Norfolk Gurney-variant household, though not with father John	None	None in the Bucks John-household set reviewed here	Still distinctive for John-1, but no longer an absolute surname-wide absence

Key naming takeaway: no child named Francis. That remains the strongest naming-pattern argument against Candidate B, though not a dispositive one.

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London Drapers’ Old Change discriminator (Candidate D)

The Old Change cluster surfaced from a 2026-05 working pass through Boyd’s Inhabitants cards, the ROLLCO Drapers’ Company event corpus, and Robert Gurney’s 1625 Archdeaconry of London will. It is held as Candidate D of the John Gurney case and is documented in depth in research/people/john-gurney-candidate-d.md.

The cluster’s anchor is Robert Gurney, citizen and draper of London, tailor at Old Change, freed of the Drapers’ Company by servitude on 16 December 1581 under master Robert Furnes (ROLLCO DREW4826), and active as Drapers’ master across roughly 14 events 1597-1622. His will of 1621/2 was proved 23 September 1625 by his son John Gurney as sole executor; the will placed Robert’s dwelling and shop in Old Change and named Anne (Morris) as wife/widow-beneficiary and Joseph Henscott Stationer and Thomas Dunnell brother-in-law as overseers.^[39][40]

John Gurney, son of Robert, was admitted to the Drapers’ Company by redemption on 11 February 1623/4 (ROLLCO DREW5638, with Robert as father of freeman in the same event row), and appears as a Drapers’ apprenticeship master on 3 November 1630 (ROLLCO DRLL2060) binding Henry Smith of Kilton, Suffolk, for seven years. Henry Smith does not surface as a freed Drapers’ Smith 1635-1645 under John Gurney or any other master, and no Drapers’ Turnover event for any Gurney 1620-1670 has been recorded. The Drapers’ freedom-by-redemption pathway (rather than patrimony) is anomalous since Robert was a Drapers’ freeman from 1581; the working hypothesis (H-D1) is that John had earlier been bound to a different company, possibly the Stationers’ apprentice “John Gurney” bound to master James Boler on 25 March 1613 (ROLLCO STMM8981) for whom no Stationers’ freedom is recorded.^[41][42][43]

The 1638 London Inhabitants return for St Augustine lists one John Gurney at £10 in MS. 67a (rents/tithe assessment, £1,700 total at 2/9 per £). On MS. p. 68 of the same return, Joseph Huntscott appears at £12. Joseph Huntscott is the same Joseph Hunscott who was an active Stationers’ apprenticeship master 1612-1646 with a son John admitted Stationer 1641, and the same Joseph Hunscot who published the 1646 royalist Wing H3728 petition; he was the Henscott named in Robert Gurney’s 1625 will. The 1638 entry therefore points to continuation of the Old Change Gurney - Hunscott will-network across the 13 years after Robert’s death.^[44][45]

Merry 2010 London Hearth Tax project database resolves the key Old Change continuation question: John Gurney appears in 1662 at “In St Austins precinct,” Farringdon Within Ward, 1 hearth, assessed “poore” (TNA E 179/252/27 rot 21), the same St Augustine parish where T.C. Dale placed John Gurney at GBP10 rent in 1638. Candidate D is therefore eliminated as the colonial John of Braintree. Remaining useful pulls are narrower context work: the 1640 Harvey Principal Inhabitants list at Lambeth MS. 272; the Arber Stationers’ Registers volume 3 raw entry for the 25 March 1613 binding to James Boler, which may name John’s father; walks through the LMA P69/AUG St Augustine vestry, churchwardens’, and rate books 1625-1665; and Archdeaconry and Commissary of London admon/will indexes 1625-1670 for Anne Gurney widow and any London John Gurney draper/tailor.

London William Gurney cluster - hearth-tax expansion (1664-1666)

Merry 2010 records the London William Gurney family network continuing into 1664-1666 across at least three households:

• Walter Gurney, St Margaret’s Westminster, Greene Dragon Court, 1 hearth, 1664 - most plausibly the Walter Gurney son of William in PROB 11/252/152.
• William Gurny, St Bride Fleet Street, Southside Fleet Street, 7 hearths, 1666 “empty.”
• William Gurney, St Dunstan in the West, Cock & Key Alley, 3 hearths, 1666.
• Ann Gurney, St Dunstan in the West, Two Crane Court, 5 hearths, 1666 - possibly Anne (Morris) Gurney, Robert’s widow (Candidate D’s mother), at ~73-80 years of age in 1666, or a widow of the William Gurney barber-chirurgion line, or a separate Ann. Identity not resolved.

The cluster confirms continuing London residence for the William Gurney family network through the year of the Great Fire. Independent of Candidate B; supports the case file’s reading that the William Gurney London household is distinct from Francis Gurney G14’s family.

Margaret Rovett / Rybett Ancestry death lead

The Ancestry record URL supplied in the intake redirected to a join/login page in this pass, so no record image or indexed field was verified. Preserve this as an open lead only: the user note says the death was found in John Gurney research, but that the death would normally belong under Margaret Gurney and may or may not be the right candidate. Do not turn this into a fact until the record image or index fields are reviewed directly in Ancestry.^[46]

English same-name elimination - St Mary Harrow 1668/9 and St Giles Cripplegate 1640

Two London-area parish-register burial entries reinforce that several English John Gurneys with overlapping wife names continued to live, marry, and bury children in England well after the 1641 Massachusetts emigrant record. Each is a small but real elimination check rather than a candidate for the emigrant.

St Mary, Harrow on the Hill (LMA DRO/003/A/01/005) records two burials in early 1669 (Old Style 1668) under the heading “Buryed 1668”: “Janry 30 - Ann/Anne daughter of John & Mary Gurney of Okington” and “Feby 8 - Isaac son of John & Mary Gurney of Okington.” A John Gurney with a wife named Mary, still parenting and burying children in England in early 1669, cannot be John Gurney-1, who died at Braintree in 1662/3. The “Okington/Oakington” residence is most likely Oakington, Cambridgeshire, but the second-syllable letters are partly obscured. Keep this John & Mary Gurney as a separate English household for any future Mary-named-wife John Gurney work.^[47]

St Giles Cripplegate, City of London (LMA P69/GIS/A/002/MS06419/003) records a burial in December 1640: “John sonne of ffrancis Garney Joyner - 15,” indexed as 16 December 1640 with “Mother: Francis Garney.” The index field is almost certainly the father’s name, and “Joyner/Joiner” is the father’s occupation, not part of the surname. This is a London child burial of a John, son of Francis Garney, joiner, in the same St Giles Cripplegate parish where the case file already records a separate Francis B “the laceweaver” Cripplegate cluster active 1638-1640. The trade difference (joiner vs laceweaver) means this Francis Garney is almost certainly a third Cripplegate-area Gurney/Garney, not the same Francis B already eliminated in the case file. Garney sits inside the Gurney/Gurny/Gourney/Garney spelling cluster and should be retained when searching same-name London households.^[48]

The Toddington Beds John Gurney + Elizabeth Moreton household has positive English-side death evidence: John Gurney was buried at Toddington in September 1641, three months after the Massachusetts emigrant’s June 1641 Weymouth fine date and twenty-one years before the Massachusetts John’s 1662/3 Braintree death. The Toddington John cannot also be in continuous Massachusetts residence through 1662/3, so the Toddington row is firmly eliminated on death-evidence grounds rather than on the wife-name alone.^[49]

Sources Consulted

sourceId	Scope	Audit trail
anderson-gmd-2015	p. 158 entry	sources/validations/anderson-gmd-2015.md
banks-brownell-1937	p. 151 entry and BSE cluster	sources/validations/banks-brownell-1937.md
rigler-gurney-family-aaron-zuinglius-1994	Key compiled genealogy for descendants of Richard Gurney of Weymouth, Massachusetts; full page-level audit still pending	sources/validations/rigler-gurney-family-aaron-zuinglius-1994.md
nehgr-62-94	Suffolk Court Files item no. 188, Braintree age note	sources/validations/nehgr-62-94.md
anderson-great-migration-begins-v1-baxter	Gregory Baxter profile, John Gurney probate roles	sources/validations/anderson-great-migration-begins-v1-baxter.md
hazen-billerica-1883	Billerica Dudley Farm purchase-rate list	sources/validations/hazen-billerica-1883.md
nehgr-49-genealogical-gleanings-john-lewis	John Lewis of Nevis will abstract, Mary Gurney lead	sources/validations/nehgr-49-genealogical-gleanings-john-lewis.md
torrey-new-england-marriages-prior-1700	Page 331 Gurney block	sources/validations/torrey-new-england-marriages-prior-1700.md
history-of-weymouth	Vol. 3 Genealogy of Weymouth families, John1, Richard2, John3, Zachariah3, Zachariah4 entries	sources/validations/history-of-weymouth.md
braintree-records-1640-1793-1886	Printed Braintree vital-record conflict on the 1661 wife-death and Grizell Kidbee marriage lines	sources/validations/braintree-records-1640-1793-1886.md
lma-st-mary-harrow-register-dro003	Burials 1668/9, John & Mary Gurney of Okington, two children	sources/validations/lma-st-mary-harrow-register-dro003.md
lma-st-giles-cripplegate-register-p69-gis-a-002	Burial Dec 1640, John son of Francis Garney joiner	sources/validations/lma-st-giles-cripplegate-register-p69-gis-a-002.md
findagrave-john-gurney-252975617	Memorial 252975617, Elm Street Cemetery and 1615/Brent tradition	sources/validations/findagrave-john-gurney-252975617.md
tag-10-70	Holman, TAG 10:70-73, Grissell marriage-chain article and negative check for Anderson’s 1636 date	none
mendon-proprietors-records-1899	John Gurny and Grisel Gurney as separate twenty-acre proprietors, with later title references	sources/validations/mendon-proprietors-records-1899.md
phillimore-bucks-marriages-vol1	Edlesborough Gurney marriage cluster, including Joh. Gurney & Mary Kidgell, 1661	sources/validations/phillimore-bucks-marriages-vol1.md
findmypast-bucks-marriage-index	Candidate A Bierton marriage to Alice Oliffe and Great Kimble same-name household	sources/validations/findmypast-bucks-marriage-index.md
findmypast-bucks-burial-index	East Claydon, Chesham, and Aylesbury Edward Gurny burial checks	sources/validations/findmypast-bucks-burial-index.md
findmypast-bucks-baptism-index	Bucks household map for East Claydon, Chesham, Wing, Cublington, and Aylesbury	sources/validations/findmypast-bucks-baptism-index.md
fs-england-births-christenings	Candidate A Aylesbury family group; Ackworth null search; Denton Mary Gurney 1638	sources/validations/fs-england-births-christenings.md
fs-suffolk-probate-1636-1915	Suffolk Probate Case #338 cover and inventory image verification	sources/validations/fs-suffolk-probate-1636-1915.md
findmypast-hertfordshire-baptisms	Candidate C Berkhamsted family group	sources/validations/findmypast-hertfordshire-baptisms.md
findmypast-hertfordshire-burials	Hertfordshire John Gurney burial negative/supporting check for Candidate C	sources/validations/findmypast-hertfordshire-burials.md
findmypast-uk-parish-baptisms	Peter anomaly qualification and Norfolk father-John cluster	sources/validations/findmypast-uk-parish-baptisms.md
ancestry-norfolk-1535-1812	NRO Norfolk Gurney baptism roster and Denton father-name conflict	sources/validations/ancestry-norfolk-1535-1812.md
spr-case-338-john-gurney-probate-1663	John Gurney Senr probate inventory manuscript image	sources/corpus_supplement/john-gurney-probate-inventory-spr-case-338.md
nehgr-12-suffolk-wills-1858	NEHGR vol. 12 p. 53 Widow Wilson and John Gurney probate abstract	sources/corpus_supplement/john-gurney-probate-inventory-spr-case-338.md
rollco-drapers-gurney-old-change-cluster	Full Drapers’ Gurney event corpus 1581-1654	sources/validations/rollco-drapers-gurney-old-change-cluster.md
rollco-stationers-hunscott-cluster	Joseph Hunscott Stationers’ apprenticeship master 1612-1646 and son John 1641	sources/validations/rollco-stationers-hunscott-cluster.md
rollco-stationers-gurney-1613-1626	1613 John Gurney binding to James Boler; 1616-1626 separate Robert Gurney apprenticeship	sources/validations/rollco-stationers-gurney-1613-1626.md
arber-stationers-bsoc-petition-1646-hunscott	Wing H3728 1646 Joseph Hunscot petition - identity bridge for the will overseer	sources/validations/arber-stationers-bsoc-petition-1646-hunscott.md
tna-e179-1661-london-poll-tax-deferred	Deferred image-pull target for the 1661 Old Change poll-tax cue	sources/validations/tna-e179-1661-london-poll-tax-deferred.md
bho-1640-principal-inhabitants-london-deferred	Deferred image-pull target for the 1640 W. J. Harvey Principal Inhabitants list	sources/validations/bho-1640-principal-inhabitants-london-deferred.md
arber-stationers-registers-1554-1640-deferred	Deferred image-pull target for the 1613 John Gurney binding raw entry	sources/validations/arber-stationers-registers-1554-1640-deferred.md

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Negative Results and Exclusions

• No ship record identified. Neither Banks nor Anderson names a vessel for John’s emigration.
• No direct published Bucks attribution from the main emigrant compilers. Banks gives Suffolk/BSE; Anderson gives “Unknown.”
• No Banks primary citation beyond “Banks Mss.” The BSE attribution remains a lead, not proof.
• Peter anomaly qualified. The FamilySearch-only working search found no Peter Gurney baptism in the 1620-1645 set, but Findmypast UK Parish Baptisms returned Peter Gurney-variant baptisms, including Peter G. at Smallburgh, Norfolk, in 1641.
• Ackworth Yorkshire image-level confirmation still open. The 2026-05-12 Findmypast pass reached primary-index transcripts for John Gurnoe + Mary Burton at Ackworth in 1636 and John Thomas Gurnoe there in 1637, superseding the earlier 2026-05-09 FamilySearch null result. The parish-register image pull remains open for spelling, witness, and parent-field confirmation.
• No John Gurney in Buckinghamshire Protestation Returns in the reviewed set.
• No John or Francis Gurney/Gurnay located in London Apprenticeship Abstracts (Findmypast) in the searched collection; Merchant Taylors and Haberdashers material may sit outside this indexed set or under a non-standard variant.
• Francis Gurney will still not located. Daniel Gurney reports both candidate wills as “unable to be discovered.”
• No primary record yet supports the recurring 1615 birth tradition. Both American Biography vol. 26 and Find a Grave memorial 252975617 give 29 September 1615; both are derivative; the 1653 deposition’s “aged about 50 years” remains the controlling age evidence.

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Target Source Pulls / Not Yet Searched

Anderson citation pull list

Abbreviation	Full Reference	Status	Priority
WJ 2:422	Winthrop/Savage Addenda, 21 July 1636 Newgate/Gurney apprentice entry	Direct source identified; use for Newgate/two-Johns pressure	Incorporated by v17
MBCR 1:331	Massachusetts Bay Records, vol. 1, p. 331	Direct source identified; controls 1641 court action	Incorporated by v17
NEHGR 62:94	New England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. 62, p. 94	Pulled in v08/v08a; underlying Suffolk Court Files paper still unpulled	High
SPR Case #338	Suffolk Probate Records, Case #338	Pulled 2026-05-09 via FamilySearch DGS 102840311 (Box 003 Cases 250-399). Cover image 514 and inventory image 516 confirm the case-number anchor and “Boston March 16th 1663” inventory header. Full itemized transcription deferred.	Done (preliminary)
Weymouth Hist 3:251	History of Weymouth, vol. 3	Already registered as derivative family/group source	Incorporated earlier
TAG 10:70-73	Mary Lovering Holman, “Grissell of the Many Marriages”	Pulled 2026-05-09 from Internet Archive sim_american-genealogist_1933-10_10_2; Holman gives Peter Brackett officiant detail and no 1636 date	Resolved (low remaining priority)

| Anderson GMB vol. 1, Gregory Baxter profile, p. 138 | The Great Migration Begins, vol. 1, Gregory Baxter profile | User-supplied book image captured in v08a; pull Suffolk Probate Records 1:323 and 3:146 when possible | Medium | | Hazen, Billerica, p. 33 | History of Billerica, historical p. 33 / image p. 54 | Pulled in v08; underlying town record still unpulled | Medium | | NEHGR 49 John Lewis of Nevis will abstract | New England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. 49, part 2 | User extract captured in v08a; identify the Mary Gurney relationship if possible | Medium | | American Gurney arms object or earliest citation | Locate the earliest physical or manuscript witness for the arms “kept by the American Gurneys”; record blazon, owner, date, and whether it predates Daniel Gurney/Burke-style antiquarian copying | High for Candidate B corroboration |

Broader source catalog

Tier 1 — potentially definitive

1. Norwich parish baptisms c. 1612–1617 — a “John son of Francis Gurney” entry would nearly close the case.
2. Braintree town manuscript vital records, film 940974 / DGS 7009769 — check the original/copy manuscript pages behind the 7th month 20, 1661 wife-death entry and the 9th month 12, 1661 Grizell Kidbee marriage entry. The 1886 printed transcription reads Cheny/Cheney, not Gurney.
3. Braintree town manuscript vital records — check the original/copy manuscript pages behind the 7th month 20, 1661 wife-death entry and the 9th month 12, 1661 Grizell Kidbee marriage entry against the printed Cheny/Cheney reading and the TAG/Torrey/Sprague Gurney tradition.
4. SPR Case #338 — pulled preliminarily via FamilySearch DGS 102840311; full transcription of inventory items, administration, debts, and relationship details remains useful.

Tier 1B — strong supporting targets

4. Stewkley parish register (Dickson/Putnam 1897 print) — Rev. R. Bruce Dickson, The Parish Register of Stewkeley, Buckinghamshire, 1545-1653 (Salem, Mass.: Eben Putnam, 1897), covering baptisms 1545-1653, marriages 1599-1646, burials 1599-1653. Covers the entire Candidate A diagnostic window. Paywalled in this pass at Geneanet Premium (https://en.geneanet.org/library/doc/5574493/…) and at the Genealogy Store (https://www.thegenealogystore.co.uk/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=1204). Now a useful Tier 2 context pull because the 1603 baptism itself is confirmed through FamilySearch England Births and Christenings (JMRS-DX6); use Dickson/Putnam to confirm siblings, parents, later appearances, and burials.
5. Margaret Rybett burial in Norwich-area parishes c. 1616–1617.
6. Ryvett / Rivett pedigrees — Suffolk RO, HD2418/88.
7. PCC or London Commissary will for Francis Gurnay c. 1646–1650.
8. St Ann Blackfriars register image — verify whether the letter is actually “P” or “F” Gurney.
9. Haberdashers’ Company 1632 detail record.

Tier 2 — enriching but less likely to decide the case

10. St Stephen Coleman Street registers.
11. St Pancras Soper Lane registers (Harleian Society vol. 45).
12. Ship Money rolls, St Benet Fink, 1635–1638 (TNA SP 16/17).
13. F.G. Gurney papers, Bucks Archaeological Society.
14. Peter Walne, “Emigrants from Hertfordshire 1630–1640,” NEHGR vol. 132 (1978).
15. Berkhamsted marriage registers.
16. East Dereham register burials section.

Highest-leverage targets (relocated from the case file)

These targets sit beyond the freely-indexed online corpus and require paid pulls, archive visits, or research-services enquiries. Each item has the potential to materially move Candidate B above 80% confidence or to surface a competing positive attribution.

1. NRO Norwich Consistory Court / Archdeaconry Court catalogue. Edmund Gurney G14b (the Divine) will, d. 14 May 1648 buried St Peter Mancroft, Norwich. Henry Gurney G15 will, d. 23 February 1615 (probate 1623 per Daniel Gurney). Either will, if extant, could name nephews or grandchildren in New England.
2. Commissary Court of London-Essex-Herts, 1681 admin file for John Gurney of Maldon (Bernau’s bachelor John, admin granted to brother Thomas). The grant may list other surviving siblings — including any reference to a previously-deceased “brother John of New England” if the Candidate B identification holds.
3. Suffolk Record Office HD2418/88 Ryvett family pedigrees, plus Suffolk wills 1620-1660 for Ryvett witnesses naming Gurney nieces or grandchildren.
4. East Dereham parish-register further image-walk. Open items: year fields on the Marye and Agnes burials (year-truncated in the visible crop); Margaret Rybett burial 1615-1618 elsewhere in the register; confirmation of the preliminary “Margaret daughter of ffrancis Gurnoe/Gurney bapt may 25” reading.
5. TNA Star Chamber STAC 8/281/24 (Trentham v Withes, November 1620): the named defendants include Henry Reade, his sister Mary Reade, and Henry Gurney. Plaintiff is Staffordshire-based; the Henry Gurney involved is most plausibly a Midlands Henry. A paid PDF or in-person pull would identify the Henry Gurney definitively and test any Reade-family-Gurney-connection lead.
6. William Tyng probate (d. 18 January 1653 Braintree, MA; will / inventory should be in Suffolk County MA Probate Liber 1). The inventory would itemize the Braintree leasehold to John Gurney as named tenant.
7. Sir Henry Spelman manuscript pedigree. Bernau (1913) reports that “a Francis Gournay” gave Sir Henry Spelman a manuscript Gourney pedigree; the 1616 Francis Spelman apprenticeship to Francis G14 (Scott 2024 UKDA-9263) supplies a concrete vector. Candidate repositories: CUL MS Add. (Spelman collection), Bodleian MS Eng. hist., BL Add. MSS (Spelman transcripts), College of Arms.
8. NEHGR vol. 22 p. 44 John Gurney reference. Internet Archive coverage of NEHGR vol. 22 (1868) is patchy by web URL; a targeted FS-Library or Google Books pull should resolve it.
9. Mary Anne of Yarmouth 1637 + Susan & Ellen of Yarmouth 1635 passenger lists for Gurney variants. These two Yarmouth, Norfolk → Massachusetts ships span the John Gurney emigration window and have partial surviving passenger lists not yet pulled.

Strong supporting targets

• Daniel Shed / Finchingfield and Braintree-Essex place-name page-level citations. §10.1 row 7 “Essex social network” rests on the Shed (Finchingfield, Essex) son-in-law connection, William Tyng (Stanford Rivers, Essex) leasehold, and the Braintree-Massachusetts naming-from-Braintree-Essex transfer. Each currently cites Sprague p. 695 (Shed marriage) and the NPS Adams NHP Cultural Landscape Report (Tyng leasehold) generally; targeted page-level citations from Bates, Records of the Town of Braintree (1886), the Tyng probate (Suffolk County MA Probate Liber 1, deferred pull), and the Finchingfield, Essex parish register (Daniel Shed’s June 1620 baptism) would tighten the row.

1. Margaret Rybett burial. East Dereham, Norwich, Garveston, Gressenhall, or Shipdham c.1616–1617.
2. Ryvett/Rivett pedigrees. Suffolk Record Office, HD2418/88.
3. Francis Gurney’s will or administration. PCC indexes 1637–1660; Archdeaconry of Norwich; London Commissary Court.
4. American Gurney arms. Locate the earliest object, seal, Bible, bookplate, gravestone, manuscript, or family paper preserving the arms used by the American Gurneys; determine the exact blazon and whether the usage predates printed antiquarian borrowing.

Candidate D (London Drapers’ / Old Change) — confirmation or kill targets

1. TNA E179 1661 Free and Voluntary Present, City of London. RESOLVED via 1662 hearth tax. Merry 2010 London Hearth Tax project database records John Gurney at “In St Austins precinct,” Farringdon Within Ward, 1 hearth, assessed “poore,” 1662 (TNA E 179/252/27 rot 21) - the same St Augustine Watling Street parish where T.C. Dale 1638 placed John Gurney at GBP10 rent. The 1661 poll-tax cue in Boyd’s Inhabitants of London (GBOR/BIL/SOG59/0240) is corroborated as the 1662 hearth-tax assessment. Candidate D ELIMINATED.
2. W. J. Harvey, List of the Principal Inhabitants of the City of London, 1640. Lambeth Palace Library MS. 272, reprinted British Library Historical Print Editions 2011.
3. Arber, Transcript of the Registers of the Stationers’ Company 1554-1640, volume 3. The raw 25 March 1613 entry binding John Gurney to master James Boler may preserve a father name not surfaced in the ROLLCO summary.
4. LMA P69/AUG St Augustine Watling Street parish-administrative records 1625-1665. Vestry minutes, churchwardens’ accounts, poor and tithe rate books, inhabitants lists.
5. Archdeaconry Court of London and Commissary Court of London admon/will indexes 1625-1670 for Anne Gurney widow of Robert and any London John Gurney draper/tailor.
6. Stationers’ Court Books for John Gurney 1613-1625 beyond ROLLCO summary level.
7. 27 April 1640 An Gurney + George Bucher marriage, Essex. Image-level confirmation for the only Anne-aged Anne Gurney marriage indexed in the FamilySearch sweep that could plausibly correspond to a remarriage of Anne (Morris) Gurney, widow of Robert.

Other leads

• Mr. Gurney at Soper Lane, St Pancras parish, 1638. T.C. Dale, Inhabitants of London in 1638, p. 173, lists a Mr. Gurney at GBP15 rent in the Soper Lane section of St Pancras parish - distinct from the John Gurney at St Augustine Watling Street at GBP10 rent already attributed to Candidate D. Forename indexed only as “Mr.” Soper Lane runs north from Cheapside, roughly half a mile northeast of Old Change. Pull the Society of Genealogists or LMA copy of the Dale return for the Soper Lane forename and any companion entries.

1. Haberdashers’ Company 1632 apprentice. A John Gurney was reportedly apprenticed to the Haberdashers’ Company in 1632, but the Findmypast London Apprenticeship Abstracts walk returned zero Gurney results. Re-identify the original source.
2. St Ann Blackfriars baptism, 1615. A John Gurney baptism lists the father as “P Gurney.” In early 17th-century handwriting, F and P are easily confused; the original register image has not been examined.
3. Medmenham, Buckinghamshire parish register. FamilySearch Tree profile LT9Z-KQ1 has a restricted attached item titled “The parsons and parish registers of Medmenham, Buckinghamshire” with user note “Richard gurney marriage.”
4. Gillingham, Norfolk, 5 November 1624 — Mary Garny daughter of Frances Garny. Pull the Gillingham parish register context (other Garny/Gurney baptisms 1620-1640 at Gillingham) to test whether Frances Garny’s other children match Francis G14’s known family.

Non-leads

1. “Mary Richards” maiden-name attribution. Ancestry user-tree attribution with no primary record. Do not carry as an open lead unless a primary source for the Richards surname surfaces.

Enrichment

1. Braintree town manuscript vital records, film 940974 / DGS 7009769 — original/copy manuscript pages behind the 7th month 20, 1661 wife-death entry and the 9th month 12, 1661 Grizell Kidbee marriage entry.
2. Suffolk Probate Records Case #338 — full itemized inventory and debtor/creditor transcription.
3. Suffolk Court Files item no. 188 — underlying file behind the 1652/3 Braintree age note.
4. Original Braintree town/vital/deed entries — especially the 1661 wife death/marriage context and the 12 Feb. 1661 Richard Thayer conveyance behind Bates.
5. Lysander-family manuscript / arms object — the 1912/AccessGenealogy tradition points to family-held material.
6. St Stephen Coleman Street parish registers — full Gurney search 1600–1660.
7. Berkhamsted marriage registers — further register work may clarify Candidate C’s wife and household.
8. Stewkley Dickson/Putnam 1897 register pull — Tier 2 context.

Migrated from case-file body (v49)

These pull-targets were stripped from the case-file body prose as action-item phrases inconsistent with the case file’s timeless-evidence posture. They remain valid research targets.

• Hitcham, Buckinghamshire parish register, 1620-1665 (south Bucks). Pull the Centre for Buckinghamshire Studies register for Hitcham to test whether further Gurney baptisms, marriages, or burials surface alongside the lone indexed Mary Gurny baptism 22 January 1631 (father John Gurny, mother unindexed). Either further records confirm a continuing-residence household (move to ELIMINATED) or absence leaves the row at Unlikely.
• Ackworth, Yorkshire parish register, 1635-1665. Pull the West Yorkshire Archive Service register for Ackworth to test for further John Gurnoe / Mary Burton household activity after the son John Thomas Gurnoe baptism 19 January 1637. Either a continuing Yorkshire household confirms ELIMINATED, or absence leaves Ackworth at Unlikely with the closest non-Candidate-B wife-name match still on the table.
• East Dereham parish register, Norfolk Record Office PD 86/41. Professional paleographic examination of Entry E remains the canonical path for confirming the “John son of ffrancis Gurnie” reading, but does not resolve the more material chronological tension between Entry E’s c.1609/10 date and the 1653 deposition’s c.1602/3 birth implication (see Section 10.1 Against row 1).
• Bury St Mary parish register (FL 541/4), Suffolk Record Office Bury branch. Pull the underlying register pages for the three 1653-1656 Bury Gurney burials (John 11 December 1653; Gurney 6 April 1655; widow 13 May 1656) cited under n93. The Section 10.6 reading that the household stayed at Bury rests on the indexed National Burial Index entries; a register-image pull confirms the household structure (forenames, ages, family relationships) one level deeper.
• St Benet Fink baptism register (LMA P69/BEN1/A/001 and /002), 1619-1638. Pull to reconcile the children list across Daniel Gurney 1848, Bernau 1913, and the current G14 fact sheet. Open as a follow-up patchset once the LMA pull is in hand. Do not modify the G14 fact sheet without it.

Anderson reference-control checklist

Anderson’s John Gurney sketch cites WJ 2:422, MBCR 1:331, NEHGR 62:94, SPR Case #338, Weymouth Hist 3:251, and TAG 10:70-73. WJ and MBCR are tied to Winthrop/Savage and Massachusetts Bay Records entries; Weymouth Hist and NEHGR 62:94 are partially incorporated; TAG 10:70-73 is Holman’s Grissell marriage-chain article with no 1636 date for John Gurney; SPR Case #338 is image-verified at FamilySearch. Remaining pulls: full SPR Case #338 itemized transcription and the Braintree manuscript vital-record pages behind the 1661 wife-death and marriage conflict.

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Open Questions

• [ ] Check the original Braintree town manuscript or copy behind the 1661 wife-death and Grizell Kidbee marriage entries; TAG 10:70-73 has been pulled and supports the Grissell marriage chain, but the manuscript is still needed to test the Cheny/Gurney printed-record conflict.
• [ ] Transcribe SPR Case #338 in full; cover and inventory header are now image-verified, but inventory items, administration, debts, and relationship details remain untranscribed.
• [ ] Reconcile Anderson’s 1636 with the June 1641 court record as a likely Newgate-apprentice/two-Johns issue.
• [ ] Determine whether Anderson’s “Boston” comes from the Newgate/Boston apprentice entry, a real pre-Braintree residence for the older John, or a composite entry.
• [ ] Test whether Anderson’s omission of Weymouth points to a two-Johns conflict rather than mere transient residence.
• [ ] Test the Bury St. Edmunds apprenticeship hypothesis at Suffolk Record Office.
• [ ] Re-identify the original source for the Haberdashers’ 1632 John Gurney apprentice lead; Findmypast London Apprenticeship Abstracts returned zero Gurney results in this pass.
• [ ] Identify Mary’s maiden name; a Peter in her family would be highly informative.
• [ ] Determine what became of Edward and Agnes, the confirmed East Dereham children of Francis.
• [ ] Pull Hertfordshire Archives / Findmypast Berkhamsted St Peter parish register for: (a) any John Gurney + Mary marriage 1620-1640; (b) burial of Richard Gurney baptised 1626; © burial of Sara Gurney baptised 1634; (d) any further John Gurney activity post-1641. FreeREG indexes the surname at St Peter Berkhamsted but did not surface the 1626/1634 baptisms or any post-1641 entries in the 2026-05-09 pass.
• [ ] Clarify whether St Ann Blackfriars “P Gurney” is actually “F Gurney.”

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Working Hypotheses

• Candidate B (son of Francis G14 + Margaret Rybett, probably Norwich / East Dereham connected): ~65-70%. Active working hypothesis. Probability raised from v4’s ~55-60% on the basis of (a) the Newgate Horningsheath finding redirecting Banks’s BSE attribution off the elder Braintree John, (b) FS-indexed primary reclassification of Francis G14’s East Dereham child cluster (Marye and Agnes burial entries now confirmed at the FS-index level via VNN2-WR2 and VNN2-WRG, plus a probable 1633 Francis burial at VNN2-H8S), and © the Mary Shed 1647 marriage tightly bounding the John+Mary marriage to England before 1628 and reframing the indexed-marriage absence as a parish-coverage gap rather than counter-evidence.
• Candidate A (Stewkley baptism 1602/3 → Bierton marriage 1628 → Aylesbury hundred → Walgrave Northamptonshire 1650): ELIMINATED. Continuous English residence 1603-1653 with wife Alice Oliffe.
• Candidate C (Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire): ELIMINATED. Eight-child Berkhamsted family group 1610-1636 fathered by a John born about 1585-1590.
• Candidate D (London Drapers’ / Old Change): ELIMINATED. The 1662 hearth-tax entry at St Augustine Watling Street confirms continuing London residence in the same calendar year the colonial John was dying at Boston.
• Other named candidates (Aylesbury Cowheard groom, Norwich Jane Wright groom, etc.): ~5% combined.
• Unknown corridor (East Anglia / London): ~15-20% residual.
• Unknown other corridor (Kent, Lincs, West Country): ~5-10% residual.
• 1636 apprentice as distinct second John whose later trail is lost: ~3-5%.

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Crosslinks

• Father (if Candidate B): fact-sheets/g14-francis-gurney-fact-sheet.md
• Current paired case file: research/case-files/john-gurney-case-file-v4.md
• Possible future case-file location: research/case-files/candidate-b.md
• Anderson audit trail: sources/validations/anderson-gmd-2015.md
• Banks audit trail: sources/validations/banks-brownell-1937.md
• Sources catalog entries: data/sources.json entries anderson-gmd-2015, banks-brownell-1937, tag-10-70, nehgr-62-94
• Related places (to be built): research/places/braintree-ma.md, research/places/weymouth-ma.md, research/places/bury-st-edmunds.md, research/places/east-dereham.md

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Session Log (transcript migration)

Date	Source	Findings added	Chat
2026-04-16	Chat 2026-04-08 re-migrated (pilot v2)	Anderson + Banks evaluations; compiler combined assessment; open-item set established	324600c7
2026-04	Research companion synthesis	Colonial detail, Newgate de-conflation, protestation returns, naming analysis, source-target list	merged into this file

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1. John Winthrop, The History of New England from 1630 to 1649, ed. James Savage, vol. 2 (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1853), Addenda, p. 422, 21 July 1636 John Newgate / John Gurney apprentice entry. Source ID: winthrop-history-new-england-addenda-1636. ↩︎ ↩︎

2. Mary Lovering Holman, “Grissell of the Many Marriages,” The American Genealogist, vol. 10, no. 2 (October 1933), pp. 70-73, Internet Archive. Source ID: tag-10-70. ↩︎

3. American Biography: A New Cyclopedia, illustrated vol. 26 (New York: The American Historical Society, Inc., 1926), David Allston Gurney/Gurney family entry, pp. 230-255; Google Books; user-supplied extract in C:\Users\allen\Downloads\Future research urls3.md. Source ID: american-biography-cyclopedia-v26-gurney-1926. ↩︎ ↩︎

4. T. J. Pettigrew, “On the House of Gournay,” Collectanea Archaeologica, vol. 2 (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1871), p. 206, Google Books. Source ID: pettigrew-collectanea-house-gournay-1871. ↩︎

5. AccessGenealogy, “Ancestry of Lysander Franklin Gurney,” transcription from Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts (Chicago: J. H. Beers & Co., 1912). Source ID: accessgenealogy-lysander-franklin-gurney. ↩︎

6. Find a Grave, memorial 252975617, John Gurney, Elm Street Cemetery, Braintree, Norfolk County, Massachusetts; cemetery page. Source ID: findagrave-john-gurney-252975617. ↩︎

7. Massachusetts Historical Society, Winthrop Papers Digital Edition, Papers of the Winthrop Family, vol. 4, deed of John Winthrop to John Newgate, 18 Dec. 1639. Source ID: mhs-winthrop-papers-newgate-deed-1639. ↩︎

8. WikiTree profile John Newgate (Newgate-14). Source ID wikitree-newgate-14-horningsheath. Validation note sources/validations/wikitree-newgate-14-horningsheath.md. The 1583 Horningsheath baptism is flagged in the WikiTree source as possibly belonging to John or to a same-named brother. A primary-source pull of the Horningsheath parish-register baptism and of Newgate’s own 1664 will (proved 11 September 1665) would convert this from compiled-source to primary level. ↩︎

9. David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), ch. 6 “Regional Origins of the Puritan Migration.” Source ID fischer-albions-seed-1989. ↩︎

10. Roger Thompson, Mobility and Migration: East Anglian Founders of New England, 1629-1640 (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994). Source ID thompson-mobility-migration-1994. ↩︎

11. Diligent of Ipswich 1638 passenger list per Charles Edward Banks, Planters of the Commonwealth (Boston, 1930), transcribed by Daniel Cushing (3rd-4th Town Clerk of Hingham MA) and republished at packrat-pro.com/ships/dilligent.htm (accessed 2026-05-15). John Gilman / Ann Gurney biography per WikiTree profiles Gilman-72 and Gurney-13 (compiled-genealogy level). The Diligent passenger list contains no Gurney variant. No source ID added for the packrat transcription; the Banks 1930 work itself sits at the level of compiled-genealogy origin documentation. ↩︎

12. Frank E. Shedd, Hubert C. Shedd, and J. Gardner Bartlett, Daniel Shed Genealogy: Ancestry and Descendants of Daniel Shed of Braintree, Massachusetts, 1327-1920 (Boston: Shedd Family Association, 1920); Bates, Records of the Town of Braintree (1886). Source IDs shedd-daniel-shed-genealogy-1920, braintree-records-1640-1793-1886. ↩︎

13. Clarence Almon Torrey, New England Marriages Prior to 1700 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2004), p. 331, Gurney entries; Ancestry.com collection 3824 image gpc_newenglandmarriages-0347 (pId=51825); transcribed extract at sources/corpus_supplement/torrey-new-england-marriages-prior-1700-page-331-gurney.md. Source ID: torrey-new-england-marriages-prior-1700. ↩︎

14. Braintree (Mass.), Records of the Town of Braintree, 1640 to 1793, ed. Samuel A. Bates (Randolph, Mass.: D. H. Huxford, printer, 1886), pp. 638, 717, Internet Archive. Source ID: braintree-records-1640-1793-1886. ↩︎ ↩︎

15. Gilbert Nash, Historical Sketch of the Town of Weymouth, Massachusetts, from 1622 to 1884 (Weymouth, Mass.: Town of Weymouth, 1885), pp. 258, 270, 278, 281-282, 306. Source ID: nash-historical-sketch-weymouth-1885. ↩︎

16. Thomas F. Temple, Register of Deeds, Suffolk Deeds. Liber IV (Boston: Rockwell and Churchill, City Printers, 1888), pp. 6, 89a-90, index p. 150. Source ID: suffolk-deeds-liber-iv-1888. ↩︎

17. Samuel A. Bates, The Ancient Iron Works at Braintree, Mass.: The First in America (South Braintree, Mass.: Frank A. Bates, 1898), p. 10. Source ID: bates-ancient-iron-works-braintree-1898. ↩︎

18. Adin Ballou, History of the Town of Milford, Worcester County, Massachusetts, from Its First Settlement to 1881. In Two Parts (Boston: Franklin Press, Rand, Avery, & Co., 1882), pp. 27-35. Source ID: ballou-history-of-milford-1882. ↩︎

19. The Proprietors’ Records of the Town of Mendon, Massachusetts: Incorporated May 15, 1667 (Boston: Rockwell and Churchill Press, 1899), pp. 13, 43, 46, 152-153 and related title/boundary entries. Source ID: mendon-proprietors-records-1899. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

20. Suffolk County, Massachusetts, Probate Records, Case #338, John Gurney Senr probate inventory, Braintree, 16 March 1663; manuscript image supplied by Allen Gurney, file 102840311_00516.jpg; project extract and analysis at sources/corpus_supplement/john-gurney-probate-inventory-spr-case-338.md. Source ID: spr-case-338-john-gurney-probate-1663. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

21. “Suffolk Wills,” New England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. 12 (Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1858), p. 53, Widow Wilson and John Gurney entries; Google Books; project extract at sources/corpus_supplement/john-gurney-probate-inventory-spr-case-338.md. Source ID: nehgr-12-suffolk-wills-1858. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

22. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, ed., Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, vol. 1, 1628-1641 (Boston: William White, 1853), p. 331. Source ID: massachusetts-bay-records-v1-1853. ↩︎

23. “Notes: Braintree, Mass., Items,” New England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. 62 (January 1908), p. 94, Suffolk Court Files item no. 188. Source ID: nehgr-62-94. ↩︎

24. Robert Charles Anderson, The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633, vol. 1 (Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2012), Gregory Baxter profile, p. 138; user-supplied book-image crop transcribed at sources/corpus_supplement/anderson-great-migration-begins-v1-baxter-user-extract.md. Source ID: anderson-great-migration-begins-v1-baxter. ↩︎ ↩︎

25. Elijah George, register, Index to the Probate Records of the County of Suffolk, Massachusetts, from the Year 1636 to and including the Year 1893, vol. 2, G to O (Boston: Rockwell and Churchill, City Printers, 1895), Gurney/Gurny entries. Source ID: suffolk-probate-index-v2-1895. ↩︎

26. Henry A. Hazen, History of Billerica, Massachusetts, with a Genealogical Register (Boston: A. Williams and Co., 1883), historical p. 33 / image p. 54, Internet Archive. Source ID: hazen-billerica-1883. ↩︎

27. Henry F. Waters, “Genealogical Gleanings in England,” New England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. 49, part 2, John Lewis of Nevis will abstract; user-supplied extract from Internet Archive. Source ID: nehgr-49-genealogical-gleanings-john-lewis. ↩︎

28. Findmypast UK Parish Baptisms search, first name Peter, surname Gurney with variants, year of birth 1632-1642, Britain-wide; transcript R_880200102 for Peter G., christened 27 February 1641 at Smallburgh, Norfolk, father Peter G. Source ID: findmypast-uk-parish-baptisms. ↩︎

29. FamilySearch Records cluster-anchor searches 2026-05-11; source ID fs-england-births-christenings and ancillary FS collections. ↩︎

30. W. P. W. Phillimore and Thomas M. Blagg, eds., Buckinghamshire Parish Registers: Marriages, Volume I (London: Phillimore & Co., 1902), Edlesborough section; Internet Archive. Source ID: phillimore-bucks-marriages-vol1. ↩︎

31. FamilySearch, “England, Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,” four indexed children at Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire to Luke Gurney father 1621-1635; source ID fs-england-births-christenings. ↩︎

32. Findmypast Buckinghamshire Marriage Index, Burial Index, and Baptism Index (Centre for Buckinghamshire Studies); subscription pulls executed 2026-05-09. Source IDs: findmypast-bucks-marriage-index, findmypast-bucks-burial-index, findmypast-bucks-baptism-index. ↩︎

33. FamilySearch, “England, Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,” index entries at FS IDs JMRS-DX6 (Jhon Gurney 1603, Stewkley), JWN5-W5B (Daniell Gurney 1645), and JMBC-P2G (Jonathan Gurney 1647); Sarah Gurney 1639 and Hannah Gurney 1653 surfaced in the same Aylesbury-John-father search. Source ID: fs-england-births-christenings. ↩︎ ↩︎

34. FamilySearch, “England, Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,” John Gurney son of John Gurney bapt. 16 December 1638 Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire. Source ID: fs-england-births-christenings. ↩︎

35. Findmypast Hertfordshire Baptisms (source ID findmypast-hertfordshire-baptisms); Findmypast Hertfordshire Burials (source ID findmypast-hertfordshire-burials); FamilySearch Records for the Ackworth Yorkshire null search (source ID fs-england-births-christenings). Pulls executed 2026-05-09. ↩︎

36. Findmypast UK Parish Baptisms search 2026-05-09; FamilySearch Mary Gurney Denton 1638 (FS ID NNDF-V9K); source IDs findmypast-uk-parish-baptisms and fs-england-births-christenings. ↩︎

37. Ancestry collection 61045, Norfolk, England, Church of England Baptism, Marriages, and Burials, 1535-1812 (in partnership with Norfolk Record Office), walked 2026-05-11. Source ID: ancestry-norfolk-1535-1812. ↩︎

38. FamilySearch, “England, Births and Christenings, 1538-1975,” seven children indexed at Saint Peter le Poer with Saint Benet Fink, London 1619-1637 to Francis / Frauncis / Frances Gurnay / Gurney / Gurnoy father and Ann / Ane / Anne mother; source ID fs-england-births-christenings. Bernau 1913 identification of the wife as Anne Browning is preserved in the case file at endnote n30. ↩︎

39. Robert Gurney, citizen and draper of London, will written 18 January 1621/2, proved 23 September 1625, Archdeaconry Court of London. Source ID: acl-robert-gurney-will-1625. ↩︎

40. ROLLCO Drapers’ Company event DREW4826, 16 December 1581 freedom by servitude, new freeman Robert Gourney “Tailor, Old Change”, master Robert Furnes. Source ID: rollco-drapers-gurney-old-change-cluster. ↩︎

41. ROLLCO Drapers’ Company event DREW5638, 11 February 1623/4 freedom by redemption, new freeman John Gurney, father of freeman Robert Gurney. Source ID: rollco-drapers-gurney-old-change-cluster. ↩︎

42. ROLLCO Drapers’ Company event DRLL2060, 3 November 1630 apprenticeship, master John Gurney, new apprentice Henry Smith, father Thomas Smith yeoman (deceased) of Kilton Suffolk, 7-year bond. Source ID: rollco-drapers-gurney-old-change-cluster. ↩︎

43. ROLLCO Stationers’ Company event STMM8981, 25 March 1613 apprenticeship, master James Boler Co Stationer, new apprentice John Gurney, reference ST/1:0812; no father recorded; no subsequent Stationers’ freedom record. Source ID: rollco-stationers-gurney-1613-1626. ↩︎

44. T. C. Dale, “Inhabitants of London in 1638: St. Augustine,” British History Online; John Gurney £10 in MS. 67a between Christopher Hunlock £2 and George Browne £10; Joseph Huntscott £12 on MS. p. 68. Source ID: bho-london-inhabitants-st-augustine-1638. ↩︎

45. ROLLCO Stationers’ Company event corpus for Joseph Hunscott 1612-1646; and Joseph Hunscot, The Humble Petition and Information of Joseph Hunscot Stationer (London, 1646), Wing H3728. Source IDs: rollco-stationers-hunscott-cluster, arber-stationers-bsoc-petition-1646-hunscott. ↩︎

46. User-supplied Ancestry lead, Margaret Rovett/Rybett, collection 9840 record 18879163. Login-gated in this pass; source ID not assigned pending record review. ↩︎

47. Parish register, St Mary, Harrow on the Hill, Middlesex, burials 1668/9, London Metropolitan Archives DRO/003/A/01/005; Ancestry.com collection 1624 record 602728549; user-supplied page-image transcription. Source ID: lma-st-mary-harrow-register-dro003. ↩︎

48. Parish register, St Giles Cripplegate, City of London, burials 1634-1646, London Metropolitan Archives P69/GIS/A/002/MS06419/003; Ancestry.com collection 1624 record 6607796; user-supplied page-image assessment. Source ID: lma-st-giles-cripplegate-register-p69-gis-a-002. ↩︎

49. FamilySearch, “England, Deaths and Burials, 1538-1991,” John Gurney burial September 1641, Toddington, Bedfordshire; FamilySearch, “England Marriages, 1538-1973,” John Gurnye / Jn Gurney + Elizabeth / Eliz Moreton marriage 12 October 1624, Toddington, Bedfordshire. Source ID: fs-england-births-christenings. ↩︎